Effect of Moxibustion on Inflammatory Cytokines in Animals with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Zhong, Yu-mei; Cheng, Bolin; Zhang, Lin-Lin; Lu, Weiyue; Shang, Yanan; Zhou, Haiyan

doi:10.1155/2020/6108619

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Existing studies suggest that a large number of lymphocyte infltration can be seen in the lacrimal gland and conjunctiva of DED patients, and infammatory cells cause proinfammatory cytokine production [50], such as interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) [51] TCM theory holds that moxibustion has the functions of warming and dredging channels and collaterals, regulating qi and blood [52]. Also, studies suggest that moxibustion has an anti-infammatory and immune-regulation efect [53]. Te energy produced by the radiation process of moxibustion may provide activation for the pathological cells lacking energy and then regulate the body's immune Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine function [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moxibustion with Walnut Shell Spectacles Could Improve the Objective Symptoms and Tear Film Stability of Patients with Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Zhang

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objectives. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of moxibustion with walnut shell spectacles in treating dry eye disease (DED) patients and to provide treatment options. Methods. 126 DED patients were randomly allocated into the moxibustion group (treated by moxibustion with walnut shell spectacles, 64 cases) and the artificial tears group (treated with sodium hyaluronate eye drops, 62 cases). Evaluate the changes in the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), the visual analogue scale (VAS) of ocular discomfort, the tear film break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), and the Schirmer I test during the trial at baseline and after 1-week, 2-week, 3-week, and 4-week treatment. Evaluate the OSDI scale and the ocular symptom VAS scale one month after the end of treatment. Results. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. For OSDI scores, the results showed that the efficacy of the moxibustion group was no less than that of the artificial tear group. For VAS of ocular discomfort, both groups significantly reduced their score compared with baseline, and for the moxibustion group, the decrease was more significant. For TBUT, FAS, and PPS, results showed that the efficacy of the moxibustion group was significant in both eyes after 4 weeks of treatment, but the right eye was in the artificial tear group. For CFS and Schirmer I test scores, there was no significant effect for both groups. Conclusion. Moxibustion with walnut shell spectacles could improve the clinical symptoms and tear film stability of DED patients; however, it has no significant efficacy on improving corneal injury and tear secretion, just the same as sodium hyaluronate eye drops. Nevertheless, moxibustion with walnut shell spectacles may have better effects on the self-assessment of ocular discomfort than sodium hyaluronate eye drops.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moxibustion with Walnut Shell Spectacles Could Improve the Objective Symptoms and Tear Film Stability of Patients with Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Zhang

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…In RA pathology, due to continuous antigen stimulation, the body reacts to inhibit the proliferating of T cells, which promotes the enhancement of negative costimulatory signals, and the expressions of mPD-1 and mPD-L1 are also increased correspondingly. Studies have found that moxibustion can upregulate the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-4 and IL-10) and downregulate the level of proinflammatory cytokines (such as TNF-α and IL-1β) at the same time, thus restoring the balance of 1/ 2 [40,41]. As a key negative costimulatory molecule, PD-1 plays an important role in the activation of T cells [42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Moxibustion on PD-1/PD-L1-Related Molecular Expression and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in RA Rats

Zhong

Lai

Zhang

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that starts with inflammation of the synovium. The pain and joint dysfunction caused by RA urgently need an effective treatment to alleviate the inflammatory reaction and delay the progression of the disease. The pathological damage of RA is proposed to associate with the dysfunction of the programmed cell death 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) pathway. Moxibustion, as a main complementary therapy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been proved effective to reduce chronic inflammatory reaction on RA, but whether the anti-inflammatory effects are mediated by PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is still unclear. Therefore, moxibustion was conducted in the rats with RA to investigate its effect on PD-1/PD-L1. Methods. The rats' right hind paws were injected with Freundʼs complete adjuvant (FCA) to establish the model of RA. Seven days after the injection of FCA, moxibustion therapy was performed on the acupoints of Shenshu (BL23) and Zusanli (ST36) once a day for three weeks. Then, ELISA and immunohistochemical methods were used to analyze the influence of moxibustion on the expression of PD-1/PD-L1. If the moxibustion had an effect on the expression of PD-1/PD-L1-related molecules, we would knock down PD-1 with adenovirus vector. After moxibustion therapy, ELISA and histological analysis were performed to observe the anti-inflammatory effect of moxibustion. Results. The results demonstrated that moxibustion had an effect on the expression of PD-1-related molecules. The results of ELISA manifested that moxibustion decreased the level of IFN-γ and increased the level of IL-4 and IL-10. HE staining revealed that moxibustion alleviated the proliferation of synovial tissue. However, the anti-inflammatory effect and pathological improvement were weakened when PD-1 was blocked. Conclusions. The results indicate that moxibustion affected the expression of PD-1/PD-L1-related molecules and can effectively treat RA damage. The anti-inflammatory effect of moxibustion was weakened when PD-1 was knocked down.

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“…It can not only stimulate the self-regulation function of the human body but is also widely used in the prevention, treatment, and alleviation of diseases because of its simple, inexpensive test and easy operation. Modern studies have also proved that moxibustion can stimulate the internal regulation ability of the body by affecting the function of immune cells, the level of cytokines and signal pathways, and other multilinks and multitargets [18,27,28]. erefore, we choose the combination of moxibustion and drug therapy to explore a better treatment.…”

Section: E Efficacy Of Moxibustion Joint Swelling and Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In China, moxibustion has a history of thousands of years in the treatment of RA, and its safety, effectiveness, and low price are its core competitiveness to be accepted by patients. Modern studies have found that the efficacy of moxibustion is related to inflammatory factors, signaling pathways, protein expression, and other aspects [18,19]. However, most of the relevant studies focus on animal studies, while few clinical studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacy of Moxibustion on the Serum Levels of CXCL1 and β-EP in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Tao

Liao

Xiong

et al. 2021

Pain Research and Management

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Objective. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of moxibustion on joint swelling and pain and the levels of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1), β-endorphin (β-EP) in serum of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic mechanism of moxibustion on improving RA. Methods. Sixty-eight patients with RA were randomly and equally classified into the control and treatment groups. The control group was treated with routine drug therapy, while the treatment group received routine drug therapy and moxibustion. Both groups were treated for eight weeks. The symptoms and laboratory indicators of RA patients were compared in the two groups before and after intervention. Results. Sixty-one patients completed the study: four patients dropped out from the treatment group and three from the control group. Trial endpoints were change (∆) in symptoms, measured by Ritchie’s articular index (RAI), swollen joint count (SJC), and laboratory indicators, measured by the level of CXCL1, β-EP, tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). ∆RAI, ∆SJC, ∆CXCL1, ∆β-EP, ∆TNF-α, and ∆IL-1β in the treatment group were superior to the control group (13.50 [14.50] versus 6.00 [13.00] in ∆RAI, 4.00 [3.00] versus 2.00 [4.00] in ∆SJC, 0.04 ± 0.79 ng/mL versus -0.01 ± 0.86 ng/mL in ∆CXCL1, -2.43 [5.52] pg/mg versus -0.04 [4.09] pg/mg in ∆β-EP, 3.45 [5.90] pg/mL versus 1.55 [8.29] pg/mL in ∆TNF-α, and 6.15 ± 8.65 pg/mL versus 1.28 ± 8.51 pg/mL in ∆IL-1β; all P < 0.05). Conclusion. Moxibustion can improve the joint swelling and pain symptoms in patients with RA, which may be related to the fact that moxibustion can reduce the release of inflammatory factors in patients with RA and downregulate the level of CXCL1 and increase the level of β-EP at the same time. This trial is registered with ChiCTR-IOR-17012282.

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Effect of Moxibustion on Inflammatory Cytokines in Animals with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Moxibustion with Walnut Shell Spectacles Could Improve the Objective Symptoms and Tear Film Stability of Patients with Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Moxibustion with Walnut Shell Spectacles Could Improve the Objective Symptoms and Tear Film Stability of Patients with Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The Effects of Moxibustion on PD-1/PD-L1-Related Molecular Expression and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in RA Rats

The Efficacy of Moxibustion on the Serum Levels of CXCL1 and β-EP in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

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