Effect of Motivation Based Nursing Intervention on Physical Activity and Cardiac Self-Efficacy among Patients with Coronary Heart Diseases

Abstract

Coronary heart diseases are leading causes of death worldwide. Improvements in physical activity behavior and cardiac self-efficacy are useful to adopt a healthy lifestyle and to promote person-centered care in practice. Purpose: to examine the effect of motivation based nursing intervention on physical activity and cardiac self-efficacy among patients with coronary heart diseases. Design: A quasi-experimental design (study-control group) was used. Setting: The study conducted at the cardiology outpatient clinics in Abo Bakr Elsedik clinics for health insurance at Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia governorate, Egypt. Sampling: A purposive sample of 370 (75.1% adults and 24.9% elderly) patients were chosen and equally divided to study-control groups. Instruments: Structured interviewing questionnaire included sociodemographic characteristics, medical data and anthropometric measurements, International physical activity questionnaire and Cardiac self-efficacy questionnaire. Results: Motivation based nursing intervention assisted in increasing the physical activity levels and cardiac self-efficacy score; the level of high physical activity among study group increased from 13.0% on pre intervention to 38.9% on post intervention. Also, mean score of cardiac self-efficacy on post intervention was 28.86 ± 8.6 of the study group compared to 20.9 ± 6.6 of the control group. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference was present between adults and the elderly study patients regarding the overall mean score of physical activity post intervention. Conclusion: Motivation based nursing intervention had a considerable significant positive effect on the levels of physical activity and cardiac self-efficacy score among adults and elderly patients. Recommendation: Motivation based nursing intervention should be incorporated into routine care that is designed for both adults and elderly patients with coronary heart diseases.

Health Educational Methods for Improving Self-Efficacy Among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: A Scoping Review

“… Quasi-experimental 104 patients with CAD IG (n=52) CG (n=52) Educational with posters, power points and a booklet Hospital-based This intervention can increase satisfaction scores, cardiac SE, and cardiac exercise SE, and reduce somatic health complaints and anxiety levels (p<0.001). Pre-test IG (20.99±8.8); CG (22.92±10.62) Post-test IG (78.02±10.12); CG (24.08±10.26) Iran 40 Increase self-efficacy and health literacy level Quasi-experimental 56 patients with ACS IG (n=28) CG (n=28) Family-centered self-care program with video call WhatsApp Hospital-based This intervention can increase the level of health literacy and self-efficacy (p<0.001) Pre-test IG (36.84±13.17); CG (35.22±13.30) Post 4 weeks IG (57.18±3.5); CG (34.71±10.11) Egypt 2 Improve SE Quasi-experimental 70 myocardial infarction patients IG (n=35) CG (n= 35) Educational Program with discussion, demonstration and booklet methods Hospital-based The educational program can improve self-efficacy ( p =0.001) Baseline IG (37.1±15.42); CG (35.51±12.44); FU-3 months IG (48.05±10.8); CG (35.35±12.07) Egypt 41 Increase motivation in physical activity and cardiac SE Quasi-experimental 370 patients with CHD IG (n=185) CG (n= 185) Motivation-based nursing intervention with booklet Clinic This intervention had a significant positive effect on physical activity levels (p<0.001) and cardiac SE (p=0.002) Baseline IG (19.7±7.4); CG (20.04±6.2) After 6 months IG (28.8±8.6); CG (20.9±6.6) Indonesia 29 Improve SE and quality of life Quasi-experimental 37 patients with CHD IG (n=18) CG (n= 19) Workbook in Health Education Hospital-based Workbook can improve SE ( p =0.009) Baseline IG (79.2±3.85); CG (79.7±4.24) FU-2 months IG (97.6±4.9...…”

“…It is found that 15 educational methods were carried out in hospitals, clinics, and patients’ homes. Table 3 shows that the most frequently used media is booklets, 2 , 28 , 39 , 41 , 42 and intervention frequency in 1–6 sessions. However, four studies did not mention the frequency of intervention delivery.…”

“…The intervention consisted of 3 sessions conducted in the heart clinic and a follow-up by telephone one week after hospital discharge. 41 The researchers provided 40 minutes of face-to-face education on characteristics, signs and symptoms, risk factors, CHD management and medication adherence. Apart from that, patients are also taught how to do physical exercise at home.…”

“…Then, a brief telephone follow-up is conducted to help patients gain greater motivation to engage in exercise, adhere to a healthy diet, and improve their problem-solving abilities. 41 …”

“…Then, a brief telephone follow-up is conducted to help patients gain greater motivation to engage in exercise, adhere to a healthy diet, and improve their problem-solving abilities. 41 Pitta et al and Ebraheim and Khorais also conduct research on health education programs using booklets. 39,45 In Pitta et al, the booklet contains information regarding guidance on nutrition, risk factor management, smoking cessation, psychosocial support, and the importance of physical activity, followed up to motivate individuals to fulfil the recommended physical activity and lifestyle changes.…”