Effect of monocular deprivation on rabbit neural retinal cell densities

Mwachaka, Philip Maseghe; Saidi, Hassan; Odula, Paul; Mandela, Pamela

doi:10.4103/2008-322x.163770

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…These retinal microvascular changes in AEs could indicate abnormalities or slow development of the macula linked to a lack of normal visual experience. Studies in animal models have shown that monocular deprivation leads to a decrease in retinal ganglion cell density [12][13][14] and an overall thinning of the inner plexiform layer. 15,16 Ocular deprivation is also believed to result in a decrease in the number of synaptic connections in the inner plexiform layer 17 associated with a decrease in retinal ganglion cell activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal microvascular changes in unilateral functional amblyopia detected by oct-angiography and follow-up during treatment

Errera,

Romann,

Solecki

et al. 2023

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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Objective To evaluate the macular microvascular changes using optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCT-A) in children with unilateral amblyopia and their reversibility during treatment. Methods Patients with unilateral strabismic or anisometropic amblyopia or residual amblyopia from early congenital cataract surgery, examined between October 2019 and March 2021, were included. Vessel density and perfusion density in the superficial capillary plexus and area, perimeter and circularity of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were analysed using OCT-A in amblyopic eyes, contralateral eyes and control group healthy eyes. Correlation analyses between the microvascular parameters and the visual acuity were performed. In a pilot study on a few patients from the amblyopic cohort, longitudinal follow-up during treatment was also performed. Results A total of 128 eyes of 64 patients were included: 32 amblyopic eyes compared with 32 contralateral eyes and 64 control eyes. Vessel density and perfusion density in the superficial capillary plexus were significantly lower in amblyopic eyes compared to control eyes in 6 × 6 mm ( p < 0.02) and 3 × 3 mm ( p < 0.01) scans. Correlation analyses showed a linear decrease in vessel density and perfusion density with decreasing visual acuity. The microvascular changes observed were reversible with the occlusion treatment of amblyopia ( p < 0.001). Conclusions The study found a decrease in vessel density and perfusion density in the macula of children with unilateral functional amblyopia. These microvascular changes were correlated with visual acuity and appeared to be reversible with treatment of amblyopia. On the whole, OCT-A appears to be a relevant complementary examination when it comes to diagnosing and monitoring functional amblyopia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal microvascular changes in unilateral functional amblyopia detected by oct-angiography and follow-up during treatment

Errera,

Romann,

Solecki

et al. 2023

European Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…Eyelid suture at P15 in the MD rats results in low-contrast vision of the same eye within a time-sensitive window critical for visual development 52 . Such deteriorated vision can lead to long-term synaptic depression along with reduced cell densities in the retina 52 – 54 . In amblyopia, the loss of vision is thought to be driven by the lack of visual brain development independent of eye abnormalities 52 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo MRI evaluation of early postnatal development in normal and impaired rat eyes

Kancherla

Hamade

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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This study employed in vivo 7-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the postnatal ocular growth patterns under normal development or neonatal impairments in Sprague–Dawley rats. Using T2-weighted imaging on healthy rats from postnatal day (P) 1 (newborn) to P60 (adult), the volumes of the anterior chamber and posterior chamber (ACPC), lens, and vitreous humor increased logistically with ACPC expanding by 33-fold and the others by fivefold. Intravitreal potassium dichromate injection at P1, P7, and P14 led to T1-weighted signal enhancement in the developing retina by 188–289%. Upon unilateral hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy at P7, monocular deprivation at P15, and monocular enucleation at P1, T2-weighted imaging of the adult rats showed decreased ocular volumes to different extents. In summary, in vivo high-field MRI allows for non-invasive evaluation of early postnatal development in the normal and impaired rat eyes. Chromium-enhanced MRI appeared effective in examining the developing retina before natural eyelid opening at P14 with relevance to lipid metabolism. The reduced ocular volumes upon neonatal visual impairments provided evidence to the emerging problems of why some impaired visual outcomes cannot be solely predicted by neurological assessments and suggested the need to look into both the eye and the brain under such conditions.

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“… 47 , 48 In addition, the intraocular pressures of the MD and control eyes were 8.67 ± 0.380 mm Hg and 8.5 ± 0.365 mm Hg, respectively (n = 6 per group; t = 0.316; degrees of freedom = 10; P = 0.758). Other reasons for the drop in ERG amplitudes might be temporary impairment of retinal function, 42 as well as the reduction of ganglion, inner nuclear, and outer nuclear cells 49 ; axial elongation of eye 50 ; and ischemic insult 51 in the deprived eye. We will examine the specific cause of ERG amplitude reduction in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monocular Deprivation Affects Visual Cortex Plasticity Through cPKCγ-Modulated GluR1 Phosphorylation in Mice

Zhang

Han

et al. 2020

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Purpose To determine how visual cortex plasticity changes after monocular deprivation (MD) in mice and whether conventional protein kinase C gamma (cPKCγ) plays a role in visual cortex plasticity. Methods cPKCγ membrane translocation levels were quantified by using immunoblotting to explore the effects of MD on cPKCγ activation. Electrophysiology was used to record field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) amplitude with the goal of observing changes in visual cortex plasticity after MD. Immunoblotting was also used to determine the phosphorylation levels of GluR1 at Ser831. Light transmission was analyzed using electroretinography to examine the effects of MD and cPKCγ on mouse retinal function. Results Membrane translocation levels of cPKCγ significantly increased in the contralateral visual cortex of MD mice compared to wild-type (WT) mice ( P < 0.001). In the contralateral visual cortex, long-term potentiation (LTP) and the phosphorylation levels of GluR1 at Ser 831 were increased in cPKCγ +/+ mice after MD. Interestingly, these levels could be downregulated by cPKCγ knockout compared to cPKCγ +/+ +MD mice ( P < 0.001). Compared to the right eyes of WT mice, the amplitudes of a-waves and b-waves declined in deprived right eyes of mice after MD ( P < 0.001). There were no significant differences when comparing cPKCγ +/+ and cPKCγ −/− mice with MD. Conclusions cPKCγ participates in the plasticity of the visual cortex after MD, which is characterized by increased LTP in the contralateral visual cortex, which may be a result of cPKCγ-mediated phosphorylation of GluR1 at Ser 831.

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Effect of monocular deprivation on rabbit neural retinal cell densities

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Retinal microvascular changes in unilateral functional amblyopia detected by oct-angiography and follow-up during treatment

Retinal microvascular changes in unilateral functional amblyopia detected by oct-angiography and follow-up during treatment

In vivo MRI evaluation of early postnatal development in normal and impaired rat eyes

Monocular Deprivation Affects Visual Cortex Plasticity Through cPKCγ-Modulated GluR1 Phosphorylation in Mice

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