Effect of moisture on elastic and viscoelastic properties of fiber reinforced plastics: Retrospective and current trends

Aniskevich, Andrey; Glaskova-Kuzmina, Tatjana

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-102601-4.00003-5

Cited by 12 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…For the description of moisture absorption curves of epoxies and epoxy-based composites, the classical Fick’s model is usually applied [4,5,7,14,15,16]. In the case of 3D mode, the moisture content w ( t ) in the specimen is expressed as wfalse(tfalse)=w∞−(w∞−w0)8π6true∑k=1∞true∑n=1∞true∑m=1∞[1−false(−1false)k]2[1−false(−1false)n]2[1−false(−1false)m]2k2n2m2exp[−λ2k,n,mDt] where λk,n,m2=λk2+λn2+λm2=(πk…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, Fick’s model provides a satisfactory description of the experimental data for the moisture absorption of epoxies and epoxy-based composites at room temperature [4,7,14,15,16]. However, as a matter of fact, at elevated temperature and humidity, non-Fickian diffusion starts to dominate since the polymer network may be significantly “disturbed”, and large adjustments to segmental conformations are required to reach equilibrium with long relaxation times [4].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of non-Fickian models which may improve the description of the experimental data at high relative humidity is the model with a time-variable diffusivity [15,16,18]. According to this model, due to different physical processes (e.g., the plasticization, ageing, post-cure etc.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyclic Moisture Sorption and its Effects on the Thermomechanical Properties of Epoxy and Epoxy/MWCNT Nanocomposite

et al. 2019

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The aim of this work was to reveal the moisture absorption–desorption–resorption characteristics of epoxy and epoxy-based nanocomposites filled with different multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by investigating the reversibility of the moisture effect on their thermomechanical properties. Two types of MWCNTs with average diameters of 9.5 and 140 nm were used. For the neat epoxy and nanocomposite samples, the moisture absorption and resorption tests were performed in atmospheres with 47%, 73%, and 91% relative humidity at room temperature. Dynamic mechanical analysis was employed to evaluate the hygrothermal ageing effect for unconditioned and environmentally “aged” samples. It was found that moisture sorption was not fully reversible, and the extent of the irreversibility on thermomechanical properties was different for the epoxy and the nanocomposite. The addition of both types of MWCNTs to the epoxy resin reduced sorption characteristics for all sorption tests, improved the hygrothermal and reduced the swelling rate after the moisture absorption–desorption.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyclic Moisture Sorption and its Effects on the Thermomechanical Properties of Epoxy and Epoxy/MWCNT Nanocomposite

et al. 2019

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“…During hydrothermal ageing, all test samples were fully immersed in distilled water and periodically weighed at room temperature and after each season. For the description of experimental data for water absorption in the epoxy and NC, which can be regarded as isotropic media, the three-dimensional Fick’s model is usually used [ 9 , 14 , 17 , 18 ] as follows:

where

; w 0 and w ∞ are the initial and equilibrium moisture contents; and a , b , and l are the thickness, width, and length of the specimens. D is the diffusion coefficient of the material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the durability of FRP composites is a complex phenomenon and it depends on the degradation of both polymer matrix and fibres, as well as on their interface bond behaviour [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. The epoxy resins which are usually applied for the impregnation of FRPs may have changes in their physical and chemical properties due to environmental effects (e.g., moisture, temperature, and UV radiation) [ 10 , 11 , 12 ] leading to plasticization of the epoxy resins, chemical reactions, and post-curing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basalt Fibre Composite with Carbon Nanomodified Epoxy Matrix under Hydrothermal Ageing

et al. 2021

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This work aimed to investigate the effect of hybrid carbon nanofillers (e.g., carbon nanotubes/carbon nanofibers in the ratio 1:1 by mass) over the electrical and flexural properties for an epoxy matrix and corresponding basalt fibre reinforcing composite (BFRC) subjected to full-year seasonal water absorption. Hydrothermal ageing was performed by full immersion of the tested materials into distilled water according to the following model conditions (seasons). The mechanical properties were measured in three-point bending mode before environmental ageing and after each season. Upon environmental ageing, the relative change of flexural strength and elastic modulus of the epoxy and NC was within 10–15%. For nanomodified BFRCs, the slightly higher effect (approx. by 10%) of absorbed moisture on flexural characteristics was found and likely attributed to higher defectiveness (e.g., porosity, the formation of agglomerates etc.). During flexural tests, electrical resistance of the nanocomposites (NC) and BFRC/NC samples was evaluated. The electrical conductivity for UD BFRC/NC, before and after hydrothermal ageing, was by 2 and 3 times higher than for the NC, accordingly, revealing the orientation of electrically conductive nanoparticles and/or their agglomerates during lay-up manufacturing which was evaluated by the rules of the mixture. Based on all results obtained it can be concluded that the most potentially applicable for damage indication was UD BFRC/NC along fibres since full-year hydrothermal ageing improved its electrical conductivity by approx. 98% and, consequently, the ability to monitor damages was also enhanced.

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The experimental evaluation of the diffusion coefficient and the moisture saturation of basalt fiber reinforced rebar with an anhydride curing agent after climate aging in a cold climate

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Gavrilieva

Sivtseva

et al. 2020

Procedia Structural Integrity

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Effect of moisture on elastic and viscoelastic properties of fiber reinforced plastics: Retrospective and current trends

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Cyclic Moisture Sorption and its Effects on the Thermomechanical Properties of Epoxy and Epoxy/MWCNT Nanocomposite

Cyclic Moisture Sorption and its Effects on the Thermomechanical Properties of Epoxy and Epoxy/MWCNT Nanocomposite

Basalt Fibre Composite with Carbon Nanomodified Epoxy Matrix under Hydrothermal Ageing

The experimental evaluation of the diffusion coefficient and the moisture saturation of basalt fiber reinforced rebar with an anhydride curing agent after climate aging in a cold climate

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