Effect of modified graphene and carbon nanotubes on the thermal properties and flammability of elastomeric materials

Rybiński, Przemysław; Anyszka, Rafał; Imiela, Mateusz; Siciński, Mariusz; Gozdek, Tomasz

doi:10.1007/s10973-016-5841-8

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…These decreases were related not only to the reduced segmental mobility of the polymer chains but also to the chemical properties of the carbon fillers. Graphene and carbon nanotubes, such as carbon black, are free radical scavengers [ 29 , 30 ]. Their presence in the elastomeric matrix therefore inhibits free radical reactions, while simultaneously increasing the probability of the recombination of primary macroradicals by prolonging their residence time in the cage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Basalt and Carbon Fillers on Fire Hazard, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of EPDM Rubber Composites

et al. 2021

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Due to growing restrictions on the use of halogenated flame retardant compounds, there is great research interest in the development of fillers that do not emit toxic compounds during thermal decomposition. Polymeric composite materials with reduced flammability are increasingly in demand. Here, we demonstrate that unmodified graphene and carbon nanotubes as well as basalt fibers or flakes can act as effective flame retardants in polymer composites. We also investigate the effects of mixtures of these carbon and mineral fillers on the thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties of EPDM rubber composites. The thermal properties of the EPDM vulcanizates were analyzed using the thermogravimetric method. Flammability was determined by pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC) and cone calorimetry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Basalt and Carbon Fillers on Fire Hazard, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of EPDM Rubber Composites

et al. 2021

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“…The potential use of nanomaterials in improving polymer composites’ thermal stability, flame retardancy, and mechanical performance has been demonstrated by previous works [9,10,11,12,13,14]. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are believed to open new avenues in the fields of polymer-based nanocomposites, considering CNTs’ huge specific surface area, outstanding thermal property, high mechanical property and low density [15,16]. It has been proved that even a small amount of CNTs could significantly reduce the peak heat release rate (PHRR) of a variety of polymers by forming a jammed network structure in the polymer matrix [11,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of Mechanical Performance, Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of High-Impact Polystyrene/Surface-Modified APP/Carboxylic-Functionalized MWCNTs Nanocomposites

et al. 2019

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An ammonium polyphosphate (APP) surface-modified by silane coupling agent was used as flame retardant in high-impact polystyrene (HIPS). A series of HIPS nanocomposites containing different mass fractions of APP (k-APP) surface-modified by silane coupling agent (3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, KH 550) and carboxylic-functionalized MWCNTs (COOH–MWCNTs) were prepared by the melt blending method. A composite only containing APP was also prepared as a reference material. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to investigate the dispersion of the fillers into the HIPS matrix, and it was found the hydrophobic groups on the k-APP surface would greatly enhance the dispersion and prevent agglomerations compared with APP. Furthermore, the COOH–MWCNTs also showed good dispersibility into the matrix. Mechanical tests of the nanocomposites revealed that k-APP exhibits a more beneficial effect on both tensile and flexural properties compared with APP. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimeter tests (CCT) were conducted to probe the thermal and flammability properties of the nanocomposites, respectively. The synergistic effects of k-APP and COOH–MWCNTs on mechanical, thermal and flammability properties were examined as well.

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“…The presence of a metal of variable valence in the pigment structure (e.g., PY119) caused the hydroperoxide groups in the EN to break down into free radicals and hydroxyl anions (homogeneous–heterogeneous decomposition). The macroradicals resulting from the splitting of hydroperoxide groups reacted with each other or initiated proton cleavage, including the chains of other polymer macromolecules (thermal crosslinking reactions) [ 50 , 51 ]. Thermal cross-linking reactions are accompanied by cyclization as well as degradation of polymer chains (the presence of radicals and hydroxyl ions).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into the Effect of Spinel Pigments on the Photostability and Combustion Properties of Ethylene-Norbornene Copolymer

et al. 2021

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Multicolor ethylene-norbornene (EN) composites filled with three different spinel pigments (Cobalt Green-PG50, Zinc Iron Yellow-PY 119, Praseodym Yellow-PY159) were prepared by melt mixing and characterized in terms of their stability under destructive environmental conditions. The EN films were subjected to accelerated aging by ultraviolet (UV) photooxidation for 300 h, 600 h, or 900 h. The mechanical performance of the EN composites was investigated in static and dynamic mechanical tests. The morphologies of the EN samples and their color changes during the aging process were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and spectrophotometric measurements. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was applied to determine the amount of carbonyl groups resulting from surface oxidation at different aging times. The effects of the spinel pigments on the thermal stability and combustion properties of the multicolor polymer composites were also assessed, and compared with a sample containing the organic Pigment Yellow 139 (PY139). The results show that the color changes (ΔE) in the spinel pigments were minor in comparison to those in the organic pigment (PY139) and the reference film. The Zinc Yellow (PY119) pigment was the most effective stabilizer of EN copolymer. Moreover, the spinel pigments had a positive effect on the flame retardancy of the EN composites. Microcombustion tests (MCC) showed that the incorporation of both the spinels and the organic pigment PY139 into the EN matrix reduced the heat release rate (HRR) and total heat release (THR) parameters.

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Effect of modified graphene and carbon nanotubes on the thermal properties and flammability of elastomeric materials

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

Effects of Basalt and Carbon Fillers on Fire Hazard, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of EPDM Rubber Composites

Effects of Basalt and Carbon Fillers on Fire Hazard, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of EPDM Rubber Composites

Estimation of Mechanical Performance, Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of High-Impact Polystyrene/Surface-Modified APP/Carboxylic-Functionalized MWCNTs Nanocomposites

Investigation into the Effect of Spinel Pigments on the Photostability and Combustion Properties of Ethylene-Norbornene Copolymer

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