Effect of Moderate Exercise on IgA Levels and Lymphocyte Count in Mouse Intestine

Exercise Attenuates PCB-Induced Changes in the Mouse Gut Microbiome

“…Viloria et al (2011) observed that physical activity increased expression of IgA and cytokines such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. These changes in the intestinal immune system may lead to secondary alternations of the host–bacterial interaction and induce selective pressure on bacterial selection.…”

Exercise has the guts: How physical activity may positively modulate gut microbiota in chronic and immune-based diseases

“…In HFD-fed mice, voluntary wheel running improved insulin tolerance, despite LPS injections (2 mg/kg ip) [90]. Intestinal immune response was found to be favorably modulated in the increased the levels of IgA in the duodenal lumen of Balb/c mice [93]. Similarly, it was found an increased expression of the genes encoding for IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and TGF-β, cytokines that regulate the synthesis of IgA -the inflammatory response, and the immune response in the intestine [52].…”

“…Originally, the muscle-microbiota axis was legitimized by the seminal study of Bäckhed et al [47], in which germ-free (GF) mice, in contrast to mice with a gut microbiota, were protected against diet-induced obesity showing a persistently lean phenotype with increased levels of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in muscle and liver. In the same study, GF mice with an inactivated expression of fasting-induced adipose factor (Fiaf serum levels [51]; the increase of immunoglobulin A (IgA) [52] production and a reduced number of B and CD4 + T cells; the weight loss [53], myokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1ra, TNF-R) [54]; the gut transit time [55] (exercise reduces intestinal transit time hence influencing microbiota composition).…”

The gut microbiota, dietary extremes and exercise

“…It has also been demonstrated that physical activity increases expression of IgA and cytokines such as interleukin-6 and TNF-α which may lead to alterations in host-microbial interactions and ultimately impose selective pressure on bacterial selection. 8 In the first study of its kind, Clarke et al demonstrated the impact of exercise and associated dietary changes on the gut microbiota by studying a professional rugby team during a regulated environment of preseason training. 9 This pioneering approach demonstrated that gut microbiota diversity was significantly higher in the athletes compared with size matched (high Body Mass Index (BMI ∼30)) and age/gender matched (lower BMI <25) control groups, with few differences seen between the two control cohorts.…”