Effect of Mn and Mo on the microstructure and electrical resistivity of Ti-Al alloy prepared by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering

Cai, Qizhou; Xu, Changjie; Chen, Xu; Xi, Weiguo; Cheng, Jingfan; Chen, Zhe; Chen, Ji

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.169608

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Such amount is generally below the detection limit of most XRD equipment found in research labs, and it is one of the primary limitations. This is confirmed by the study of Cai et al [41] where the main diffraction peaks of the β-Ti phase of the experimental Ti-9Al-1Mn and Ti-9Al-2Mn alloys was either not detected or barely visible as overlapping with one of the α-Ti phase peaks. Similarly, the β-Ti phase was not detected in the cast Ti-4Cu alloy in the study of Wang et al [42] or in the cast or hot isostatically pressed Ti-6.5Al-2Sn-3Zr-1.5Mo-1.5Nb-0.4Si-0.2Y-0.4 C alloy [29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

X-ray diffraction for phase identification in Ti-based alloys: benefits and limitations

Bolzoni,

Yang

2024

Phys. Scr.

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X-ray diffraction (XRD) is routinely used to characterise Ti alloys, as it provides insight on structure-related aspects. However, there are no dedicated reports on its accuracy are available. To fill this gap, this work aims at examining the benefits and limitations of XRD analysis for phase identification in Ti-based alloys. It is worth mentioning that this study analyses both standard and experimental Ti alloys but the scope is primarily on alloys slow cooled from high temperature, thus characterised by equilibrium microstructures. To be comprehensive, this study considers the all spectrum of Ti alloys, ranging from alpha to beta Ti alloys. It is found that successful identification and quantification of the phases is achieved in the majority of the different type of Ti-based alloys. However, in some instances like for near-alpha alloys, the output of XRD analysis needs to be complemented with other characterisation techniques such as microscopy to be able to fully characterise the material. The correlation between the results of XRD analysis and the molybdenum equivalent parameter (MoE), which is widely used to design Ti alloys, was also investigated using structural-analytical models. The parallel model is found to be the best to estimate the amount of β-Ti phase as a function of the MoE parameter.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

X-ray diffraction for phase identification in Ti-based alloys: benefits and limitations

Bolzoni,

Yang

2024

Phys. Scr.

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“…Such an approach is also key for the development of novel compositions with enhanced mechanical performance. [10][11][12] Because Ti is characterized by allotropism, alloying elements are divided between α and β stabilizers depending on whether they, respectively, raise or lower the allotropic phase transformation temperature. β stabilizers are further subdivided between isomorphous and eutectoids as a function of their overall solubility in Ti.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compositions are in percentage by mass unless otherwise specified. Azmat et al [14] also studied the conventional powder metallurgy route but considered a wider range of binary Ti- (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)Sn alloys and used cold isostatic pressing rather than uniaxial pressing for shaping the blended elemental powder blends. Finally, Ye et al [15] produced binary Ti- Sn alloys via spark plasma sintering at 1150 °C for 1 h under an applied pressure of 30 MPa and vacuum atmosphere analyzing the dynamic recrystallization, grain refinement, and strengthening mechanism induced by hot extrusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of such studies, especially when the alloys were manufactured via powder metallurgy, are the work of Zhao et al [16] Sochacka et al [17] and Fernandes Santos et al [18] respectively. Specifically, Zhao et al [16] manufactured β-type Ti- (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)Nb alloys by metal injection molding using elemental Ti and Nb powders sintered at 1500 °C for 2 h. Sochacka et al [17] studied DOI: 10.1002/adem.202301503…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavior of Different β Stabilizers on the Microstructure and Properties of Ternary Ti‐3Sn‐X Alloys

Bolzoni,

Raynova,

Yang

et al. 2023

Adv Eng Mater

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The manufacturing of Ti alloys via powder metallurgy and the development of novel compositions are two strategies to reduce the cost of Ti, which is still the primary factor deterring its wider use in engineering applications. In this study, new Ti alloys based on the combined addition of Sn with Nb, Mo, or Mn are manufactured via powder metallurgy to gain an understanding of the role of these β stabilizers on the performance achievable. It is found that the designed alloys have a fully homogeneous chemistry regardless of their actual composition and a lamellar or β‐type microstructure depending on the actual β stabilizer used. This study confirms that the β‐stabilizing power effect decreases from Mn to Mo and, eventually, Nb. The compressibility and sinterability of the alloys increase with the progressive addition of the selected powders, generally leading to stronger and more ductile materials. It is also found that the proposed Ti‐3Sn‐Mo alloys are characterized by the best strength/ductility pairs compared to a variety of sintered or cast binary/ternary Ti alloys bearing the alloying elements considered in this work.

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“…Metals and alloys are essential in mechanical systems due to their good electrical [1][2][3] and thermal conductivity [4][5][6] and ductility [7][8][9]. However, almost all mechanical systems with moving parts are inescapably susceptible to friction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on the 0D Nanomaterials in Metals for Lubrication

Zhang,

Lin

2023

AJST

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Over the past two decades, metal-matrix composites reinforced with nano-materials have been extensively used in various prominent fields, such as aerospace, shipbuilding, and food machinery, etc., owing to their demonstrated good chemical, mechanical, and tribological properties. Nevertheless, understanding fundamental effects of nanomaterials in the friction and wear performances of metals has not been systematically reviewed by subdividing them from 0D dimensionality. Herein, this review summarizes the recent advances on tribological applications of 0D nanomaterials in the metals involving ferrous metals, nonferrous metals, and special metals, with the underlying friction-reducing and wear resistance mechanisms. In addition, practical application prospects, as well as future challenges and important recommendations of nanomaterials are briefly summarized, that are needed to boost the development of nano-tribology and expand the diversity of practical applications.

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Effect of Mn and Mo on the microstructure and electrical resistivity of Ti-Al alloy prepared by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering

Cited by 10 publications

References 39 publications

X-ray diffraction for phase identification in Ti-based alloys: benefits and limitations

X-ray diffraction for phase identification in Ti-based alloys: benefits and limitations

Behavior of Different β Stabilizers on the Microstructure and Properties of Ternary Ti‐3Sn‐X Alloys

Recent Progress on the 0D Nanomaterials in Metals for Lubrication

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