Effect of Mixed-Flow Fans with a Newly Shaped Diffuser on Heat Stress of Dairy Cows Based on CFD

Yao, Chi; Shi, Zhengxiang; Zhao, Yang; Ding, Tao

doi:10.3390/en12224315

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The CFD model of the cooling pad proposed, presented good agreement with the experimental as was established for the RMSE values computed. High relative differences in the dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity predictions were obtained in the validation process of the CFD model of the barn, which similar ones were reported by Yao et al [ 42 ]. These differences could be attributed to several factors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

CFD Study of a Tunnel-Ventilated Compost-Bedded Pack Barn Integrating an Evaporative Pad Cooling System

Vega

Ríos²,

Saráz³

et al. 2022

Animals

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Evaporative cooling is one of the most efficient techniques to reduce heat stress in cows in agricultural facilities. Additionally, compost-bedded pack barn has been shown to improve the welfare and production of cows. Two techniques were combined and analysed by developing a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of a tunnel-ventilated compost-bedded packed barn that integrated the heat and airflow dynamics of an evaporative pad cooling system. This allowed us to study the distribution of dry-bulb temperature, relative humidity and airflow velocity inside the barn based on the external environmental conditions, thickness of the pad, water temperature and specific manufacturer characteristics of the pad, providing optimal cooling pad location, size and operating conditions in the barn. Employing experimental data the CFD model was validated showing good agreement. The Equivalent Temperature Index for dairy Cattle (ETIC) was used to determine the level of stress of the cows considering the airflow velocity. It was found a moderate stress due to high relative humidity and low airflow velocity. From the predicted results, it was recommended to increase the airflow velocity above 3 m s−1 when simultaneously the external dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity exceed 30 °C and 55%, respectively, simultaneously. Additionally, installation of baffles at the pad outlet to drive the airflow to the floor was suggested to improve the drying of the compost-bedded closed to the pads, where a low airflow velocity region was established.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

CFD Study of a Tunnel-Ventilated Compost-Bedded Pack Barn Integrating an Evaporative Pad Cooling System

Vega

Ríos²,

Saráz³

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Economic calculations show that the introduction of such a system will reduce ventilation costs by up to 5%. Research results (Yao et al, 2019) showed that a diffuser with an inclination angle of 10° works better than with an elevation angle of 0°, achieving an increase in jet stream length of 0.5 m and an increase in energy efficiency of 1.39%. This was achieved due to the greater axial wind speed and better coefficients of uneven flow distribution at the level of dairy cattle.…”

Section: Solutions and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sometimes, when calculating such indices (e.g., the equivalent temperature index ETIC, etc. ), additional variables are taken into account that can increase or decrease the heat load, such as solar radiation or air velocity (Maderet al, 2006;Wang et al, 2018b;Yao et al, 2019).…”

Section: Problematic Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of the formation and monitoring of the microclimate in non-insulated barns: unresolved issues

Mylostyvyi

Vysokos

TIMOSHENKO

et al. 2020

TAVM

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Modern non-insulated barns (NB) for free-stall housing of dairy cows differ from traditional (typical) capital buildings. The formation of the microclimate in such farms is significantly dependent on the state of the environment and their design features. The aim of the work was to give a review of the literature and the results of our own research on creating comfortable conditions for dairy cows in the NB. Our studies indicate the heterogeneity of the microclimate formation in different parts of the NB, which was largely due to the state of the external environment. The use of only natural ventilation through open side curtains and light ridges, as well as additional mechanical ventilation (due to horizontal axial fans) cannot always provide comfortable conditions for animals, especially in hot periods of the year. The literature analysis showed that this can be caused by factors affecting the formation and movement of air masses in the building itself (depending on the number of animals, the condition of the litter, the operation of internal equipment, including space-planning and design features, type and quality of materials of enclosing structures) as well as the weather conditions outside buildings (temperature, humidity, wind strength and also relief). Investigations related to remote methods of microclimate control (using appropriate portable devices) and identification of (critical) control points of deterioration of the air environment in NBs will be promising. Monitoring of them will allow timely to adopt the necessary management decisions for ensuring the comfort of dairy cows in extreme weather conditions. Climate prediction methods based on meteorological data in the area of the NB location and the development of intelligent ventilation systems using mathematical modeling that take into account the behavioral and physiological responses of animals to environmental changes will be especially in demand.

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“…In tropical countries like India, the extreme weather conditions such as summer with high temperature result in decreased performance by farm animals. Positive results are seen with physical modification of the environment such as shading and fans, when applied for lactating buffaloes (Ahmad et al, 2019) and in dairy cows using mixed-flow fans (Yao et al, 2019). However, direct water spraying over animals using sprinkler systems is the one of the most effective way to combat heat stress (Tresoldi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Artificial Intelligence To Manage Heat Stress and Milk Produ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Artificial Intelligence’ as an Intelligent Tool for the Future Animal Production and Better Management: A Review

Priya

Dutt

Singh

et al. 2022

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With the tremendous increase in human population the demand of milk and meat is also increasing. This necessitates the centralization of animal husbandry sector both in developed and developing countries. More production has to be taken from fewer animals which seem to be possible only with the usage of advanced technologies. Earlier this seems to be impractical due to non-availability of such technologies to the farmers. Nowadays, computational power is very cheap and easily available. Artificial intelligence is one such field of computer science devoted to creating computing machines and systems that perform operations analogous to human learning and decision-making. Artificial intelligence includes the machine learning, deep learning and predictive analytics. With the implementation of various software and algorithms, the production has been increased from the farm animals along with better management and welfare. This paper illustrates the application domains and maneuvering of artificial intelligence in the animal husbandry sector.

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Effect of Mixed-Flow Fans with a Newly Shaped Diffuser on Heat Stress of Dairy Cows Based on CFD

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

CFD Study of a Tunnel-Ventilated Compost-Bedded Pack Barn Integrating an Evaporative Pad Cooling System

CFD Study of a Tunnel-Ventilated Compost-Bedded Pack Barn Integrating an Evaporative Pad Cooling System

Features of the formation and monitoring of the microclimate in non-insulated barns: unresolved issues

‘Artificial Intelligence’ as an Intelligent Tool for the Future Animal Production and Better Management: A Review

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