Effect of Mineral, Organic and Bio Fertilization on Wheat Production in Two Different Soils

Abstract

Biological experiment was conducted in the clay and sandy soils to study the effect of inorganic, organic and bio fertilization on growth and yield components as well as N, P and Kuptake by wheat plants. Ammonium sulphate (N) was added at the rates of 25 [50% the recommended dose (RD)] and 50 (100% RD) mg N kg-1 soil, while ordinary superphosphate (P 1) and rock phosphate (P 2) were applied at the rates of 9.72 (50% RD) and 19.44 (100% RD mg P kg-1 soil. Potassium sulphate (K 1) and feldspar (K 2) were added at the rates of 20.8 (50% RD) and 41.5 (100% RD) mg K kg-1 soil. The organic materials i.e. clover straw (CS), sunflower seed teflon (ST) and banana peel (BP) were added at a rate of (0.5%). Some wheat grains were inoculated by biofertilizers i.e. nitrobein (nit), phosphate dissolving bacteria (PDB) and potassiumage (Pot). The results showed that the treatments of [50% RD (NP 1 K 1) + CS + ST + BP + Nit + PDB + Pot] gave the greatest values of the straw and grains dry weight, biological yield and harvest index, N-uptake by grains and P-and K-uptake by straw and grains if compared to the other treatments in both soils under study. Wherease the highest 1000 grains weight was observed with the treatment of [50% RD (NP 2 K 2) + CS + ST + BP + Nit + PDB + Pot] in the clayey soil and [50% RD (NP 1 K 1) + CS + ST + BP] in the sandy soil compared to the other treatments. The greatest values of N-uptake by straw were recorded with treatments of [50% RD (NP 1 K 1) + CS + ST + BP] in the clayey soil and [50% RD (NP 1 K 1) + CS + ST + BP + Nit + PDB + Pot] in the sandy soil compared to the other treatments. Finally, it could be concluded that the use of 50% of the recommend dose of the most mineral fertilizers (NP 1 K 1) mixed with organic materials (CS + ST + BP) and biofertilizers (Nit + PDB + Pot) may reduce the mineral fertilization (NP 1 K 1) dose, production cost and environmental contamination.

Effect of a Mineral-Organic Concentrate on a Yield Increase and Seed Quality of Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

“…Application of amino acids has a beneficial effect on the production of other compounds such as amines, purines, alkaloids, pyrimidines, enzymes, vitamins and terpenoids, enhancing photosynthesis and thus increasing grain yield [15]. Mohamed [57] reported that the application of an extract of amino acids and yeast produced a beneficial effect on the reproductive development of plants, which also affected grain yield. It was noted that by foliar application of amino acids and yeast during drought, higher numbers of spikes and grains could be obtained.…”