Effect of Milking Intervals on the Rate of Milk and Fat Secretion

Schmidt, G.H.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(60)90143-0

Cited by 39 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The rate of milk secretion remained relatively constant until 12 h and tended to be lower at 18h, after which the rate began to fall. This pattern agrees with that observed in earlier studies (McMeekan and Brumby, 1956;Schmidt, 1960), which also showed that milk yield increases linearly during the first 16 to 20 h. Davis et al (1998) showed that it takes approximately 16 to 18 h for the alveolar milk storage compartment of the gland to fill. This may help to explain the initial linear increase in milk yield.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Milking interval had no effect on milk fat and protein content, with the exception that milk fat significantly increased and protein was significantly lower for the 6-h milking interval treatment group. Similar observations have been made by Schmidt (1960), following a 4-h interval and , following continuous drainage of milk via a teat catheter. These changes are related to residual effects from the preceding 12-h milking interval.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

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Effect of milking interval on milk yield and quality and rate of recovery during subsequent frequent milking

et al. 2008

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Effect of milking interval on milk yield and quality and rate of recovery during subsequent frequent milking

et al. 2008

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“…The daily milk yield reduction for the 5 : 19 h milking schedule was modest (4.1%) in experiments 1 and 2, in agreement with the 2.4% recorded for 6.5 : 17.5 h intervals by Ichikawa and Fujishima (1982). It results from the slow decrease in the hourly milk secretion rate up to a milking interval of about 19 h (Figure 4), which seems less marked than the losses recorded in analytical conditions (8% to 12% for milking interval of 16 h to 20 h; Schmidt, 1960;Wheelock et al, 1966;Delamaire and Guinard-Flament, 2006). In our TDM groups, long milking intervals alternated with short ones, which may have tempered their detrimental effects on milk secretion rate (Turner, 1955;Wheelock et al, 1966).…”

Section: Milk Yieldsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The consequences of short (,8 h) or long (.16 h) milking intervals on milk secretion have essentially been determined in analytical experiments using specific designs: intervals tested once (Stelwagen et al, 2008), or applied several times consecutively, which modifies the daily milking frequency (Schmidt, 1960;Ayadi et al, 2004;Delamaire and Guinard-Flament, 2006); complete milk removal from the udder through oxytocin administration before the experimental interval in order to empty the mammary reservoirs (Schmidt, 1960;Wheelock et al, 1966); a standard 12 h milking interval preceding all the experimental intervals (Wheelock et al, 1966;Fernando and Spahr, 1983), and generally a short duration of experimentation (1 day to a few days), though not always (60 days for Villiers de and Smith (1976)). These experimental conditions differ from those met in practice and cannot provide reliable information on the effect of widely contrasting milking intervals on milk production in commercial TDM herds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of dairy cows milked twice daily at contrasting intervals

Rémond

Pomiès

Julien³

et al. 2009

Animal

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The time constraints of the classic twice-daily milking routine are less easily endured by individual dairy farmers, because of their impact on quality of life. Our aim was to evaluate milk production responses by dairy cows milked twice daily at contrasting intervals. In experiments 1 (20 cows) and 2 (28 cows), four milking regimes were compared during a 3-week period beginning after the peak of lactation. Three groups of five cows were milked twice daily (TDM) with milking intervals of 11 : 13, 7 : 17 and 3 : 21 h in experiment 1, and three groups of seven cows at 11 : 13, 5 : 19 and 2.5 : 21.5 h in experiment 2. One group (five and seven cows respectively) was milked once daily (ODM) in each experiment. In experiment 3 (three groups, 12 cows per group), one group was milked at 10 : 14 h and one at 5 : 19 h, and the third group once daily. Milking treatments began during the second week of lactation and continued for an average of 23 weeks. In experiments 1 and 2, daily milk yields were reduced by 4.1%, 11.5% and 28%, for the 5 : 19, 3 : 21 and ODM milking treatments compared with the 11 : 13 h interval. In experiment 3, the decrease in daily milk yields for 5 : 19 h and ODM was 10% and 40% compared with the 10 : 14 h time interval. In the average daily milk, fat and protein contents and somatic cell counts were not different between the TDM groups, and the ODM group had (or tended to have) a higher fat and protein content. For a given milking, milk fat content decreased from about 60 to 32 g/kg as the preceding milking interval increased from 2.5 to 3 h up to 12 h. It then levelled out and even increased, mainly after 18 to 20 h. Somatic cell count showed a similar trend, and protein content did not change steadily. Dry matter intake, body weight and body condition score were not affected by contrasting milking intervals. After resumption of TDM with conventional intervals, productions of milk, fat and protein no longer differed between the TDM groups. Milk yield of previously ODM cows remained lower by 2 kg/day ( P 5 0.15) in experiments 1 and 2, and by 7 kg/day ( P , 0.05) in experiment 3. These results suggest that TDM at contrasting intervals up to 5 : 19 h is feasible as it decreases milk yield only moderately, especially if implemented from peak of lactation.

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“…The lower times POST cows spent in those areas could be explained by the motivation for the incentive (causing lower pre-milking waiting times) and the time spent on concrete (lower feeding time). Owing to the difference in entering rate, on average 30% and 44% of PRE and POST cows, respectively, could potentially have milking intervals over 16 h, which is known to adversely affect milk yield (Schmidt, 1960;Lyons et al, 2013a) and udder health (Hammer et al, 2012). The fact that PRE cows enter the allocation later could also explain why they had on average a 1.4 h lower return time to the dairy facility in comparison to POST cows (Lyons et al, 2013c).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal behavior and pasture depletion in a pasture-based automatic milking system

Lyons

Kerrisk

Dhand

et al. 2014

Animal

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In pasture-based automatic milking systems (AMS), feed is the main incentive that can be managed to encourage reliable and consistent voluntary and distributed cow traffic. Modifying timing, placement and size of feed allocations is expected to have an effect on cow behavior that could avoid the occurrence of extended milking intervals, which have a negative effect on milk yield. Therefore, behavioral studies provide information on how cows modify their actions under different management regimes and can help explain the impact of those regimes. Behavioral observations were conducted in spring 2011 at the FutureDairy AMS research farm, as part of a study where a herd of 175 cows was split into two groups that received supplementary feed either before (PRE), or immediately after (POST) milking. In addition, all cows were offered access to two daily pasture allocations. Observations were conducted in the pasture allocation on 15 focal cows from each treatment group during four periods of 24 h to detect presence and behavior (grazing, ruminating, idling and other) every 15 min. In addition, bite rate and pasture biomass were measured every hour. Overall, despite the finding that more POST cows than PRE cows entered the pasture allocation during the first 8 h of active access, there was no difference in the total proportion of cows that had gained access by the end of the active access period (average 68% for both treatments). Cows in the PRE treatment started exiting the pasture allocation just 6 h after entering, compared with 8 h for POST cows, although their behaviors in the pasture allocation did not differ. Behaviors and bite rate were more dependent on pasture biomass than on supplementary feeding management.

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Effect of Milking Intervals on the Rate of Milk and Fat Secretion

Cited by 39 publications

References 14 publications

Effect of milking interval on milk yield and quality and rate of recovery during subsequent frequent milking

Effect of milking interval on milk yield and quality and rate of recovery during subsequent frequent milking

Performance of dairy cows milked twice daily at contrasting intervals

Animal behavior and pasture depletion in a pasture-based automatic milking system

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