Effect of Mild Malnutrition on Disaccharidase Activity and Glucose Uptake in Intestinal Brush Border Vesicles of Growing Monkeys

Rana, Satyavati; Gupta, Dolly; Vaiphei, Kim; Bhardwaj, Sanjeev K.; Mehta, Satish K.

doi:10.3109/00365529509093306

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The causes of low serum concentrations of rifampicin may be various: poor quality of TB drugs (drug quality was ensured by the GDF in our study), HIV infection (although some studies did not observe differences between matched HIV-infected and uninfected TB patients), 6,18 -20 and wasting or malnutrition with associated hypoalbuminaemia, small-bowel oedema, villous atrophy and bacterial overgrowth leading to malabsorption. 21 The reduction of rifampicin plasma levels is a reason for concern due to the potential impact on treatment outcome and the development of rifamycin resistance. 13,22 We did not evaluate the association between rifampicin C max and clinical outcome because of our limited sample size, but the two patients who died had AUC and C max rifampicin values above the median value at both T0 and T1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic exposure to rifampicin in patients with tuberculosis and advanced HIV disease during highly active antiretroviral therapy in Burkina Faso

Saleri

Dembelé²,

Villani

et al. 2011

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic exposure to rifampicin in patients with tuberculosis and advanced HIV disease during highly active antiretroviral therapy in Burkina Faso

Saleri

Dembelé²,

Villani

et al. 2011

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

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“…Wastfor any of the compounds, and neither the variability in bioavailability (AUC) nor the variability in elimination (t 1/2 ) of isoniazid, ing or malnutrition sufficient to cause small-bowel edema, villous atrophy, or bacterial overgrowth might be expected to rifampin, and pyrazinamide was explained by interpatient differences in CD4 cell counts. result in malabsorption [34].…”

Section: Although Most Hiv-infected Patients With Tuberculosis (Tb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of Antimycobacterial Drugs in Patients with Tuberculosis, AIDS, and Diarrhea

et al. 1997

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To test the hypothesis that antituberculous drug disposition is altered in patients with AIDS, we studied the steady-state pharmacokinetics of isoniazid (300 mg/d), rifampin (600 mg/d), and pyrazinamide (1,500 mg/d) in 29 adults (14 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] and 15 non-HIV-infected patients) with tuberculosis in Nairobi, Kenya. Intestinal integrity was assessed with xylose. Neither HIV infection nor diarrhea accounted for the interpatient variability in the area-under-the-plasma concentration vs. time curve (AUC), the maximum concentration, or the terminal half-life (t1/2) of isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide. No significant association between HIV infection or diarrhea and pharmacokinetics was seen for any of the compounds. In addition, neither the AUC nor the t1/2 of any of these drugs reflected interpatient differences in CD4 lymphocyte counts. Xylose absorption was uniformly low. We did not demonstrate that HIV infection, diarrhea, or CD4 lymphocyte counts contributed significantly to the variability in pharmacokinetics of isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide in TB patients in Nairobi.

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“…Rana et al (8) demonstrated that severe malnutrition is related to decreased disaccharide activity and consequently affects digestion and absorption of disaccharides, especially lactose. It is probably connected with considerable protein deficiency.…”

Section: Original Article Wiecek Et Al Disaccharidases In Ibdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elemental diet also shows immunological effects by increasing the supply of food and macromolecular antigens, changing intestinal bacterial flora, inhibiting intestinal loss of lymphocytes, and decreasing synthesis of inflammatory mediators. An adequate dietary regimen leads to improved protein and energetic balance, correction of micronutrient deficiency (vitamins, trace elements), and decreased intestinal loss of nutrients (6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Section: Malabsorption Of Carbohydrates Can Bementioning

confidence: 99%

Disaccharidase activity in children with inflammatory bowel disease

Więcek

Woś²,

Radziewicz-Winnicki³

et al. 2014

Turk J Gastroenterol

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Background/Aims: The etiopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is multifactorial and not well explained. Environmental, genetic, and dietary factors play an important role. The aim of the study was the evaluation of lactase, saccharase, and maltase activity in patients with IBD. Materials and Methods: The study comprised 65 children, aged 3-18 years. During a routine endoscopy, we took biopsies from the descending part of the duodenum. In these biopsies, we determined disaccharidase activity using Dahlquist's method. Results: Decreased lactase activity in the biopsies taken from the small intestine mucosa was most frequently observed in patients with Crohn's disease (5/15-33%) and least frequently seen in children with lymphocytic colitis (in 1/10-10%). The lowest mean values of lactase activity were found in the children with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (1.7-2.5 U/1 g). Decreased saccharase activity in the biopsies obtained from the small intestine mucosa was most frequently observed in patients with lymphocytic colitis (in 5/10-50%) and ulcerative colitis (9/20-45%) and least frequently seen in children with non-specific undetermined colitis (in 7/20-35%). Decreased maltase activity in the small bowel mucosa was the most frequently observed in patients with Crohn's disease (in 5/15-33%) and least frequently seen in children with ulcerative colitis (in 3/20-15%). The lowest mean values of maltase activity were found in the children with Crohn's disease (5.4 U/1 g). Conclusion: Therefore, it seems reasonable to perform diagnostic examinations aimed at lactose, saccharose, and maltose intolerance and to initiate a dietary regimen in children with IBD.

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Effect of Mild Malnutrition on Disaccharidase Activity and Glucose Uptake in Intestinal Brush Border Vesicles of Growing Monkeys

Abstract: This study indicates that even mild to moderate malnutrition decreases the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates throughout the small intestine, and it should not be ignored during the developing stage.

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Systemic exposure to rifampicin in patients with tuberculosis and advanced HIV disease during highly active antiretroviral therapy in Burkina Faso

Systemic exposure to rifampicin in patients with tuberculosis and advanced HIV disease during highly active antiretroviral therapy in Burkina Faso

Pharmacokinetics of Antimycobacterial Drugs in Patients with Tuberculosis, AIDS, and Diarrhea

Disaccharidase activity in children with inflammatory bowel disease

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