Effect of Mikania glomerata (Asteraceae) leaf extract combined with anti-venom serum on experimental Crotalus durissus (Squamata: Viperidae) envenomation in rats

Floriano, Rafael Stuani; Nogueira, Rosa Maria Barilli; Sakate, M.; Laposy, Cecília Braga; Motta, Yudney Pereira da; Sangiorgio, F.; David, Heloísa Costa; Nabas, João Marcelo

doi:10.15517/rbt.v57i4.5437

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 22 publications

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“…Additionally, research has been performed on the synergy of heterologous protein and plant extracts. In this scenario, Stuani et al [59] found that combining both antivenom and plant extracts for neutralizing Crotalus durissus venom results in a statistically significant rapid recovery from toxic effects in animals compared to the Mikania glomerata extract only group. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was used to assess if the proteins formed molecular complexes or were precipitated after being exposed to the USet treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A First Look at the Inhibitory Potential of Urospatha sagittifolia (Araceae) Ethanolic Extract for Bothrops atrox Snakebite Envenomation

Palacios

Sacoto-Torres

Hernández-Altamirano

et al. 2022

Toxins

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Bothrops atrox snakebites are a relevant problem in the Amazon basin. In this biodiverse region, the ethnomedicinal approach plays an important role as an alternative to antivenom therapy. Urospatha sagittifolia (Araceae) is a plant used for this purpose; however, its neutralizing properties have not been scientifically accessed. To fill this gap, we investigated the ability of U. sagittifolia to modulate the catalytic activity of Bothrops atrox venom, and their toxic consequences, such as local damage and lethality. The venom profile of B. atrox was assessed by chromatography and electrophoresis. Inhibition of the three main enzymatic and medically important toxins from the venom was evaluated using synthetic substrates and quantified by chromogenic activity assays. Additionally, the neutralization of lethality, hemorrhage and edema were investigated by in vivo assays. The possible interactions between venom proteins and plant molecules were visualized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Finally, the phytochemical constituents present in the ethanolic extract were determined by qualitative and quantitative analyses. The ethanolic extract reduced the activity of the three main enzymes of venom target, achieving ranges from 19% to 81% of inhibition. Our in vivo venom neuralizations assays showed a significant inhibition of edema (38.72%) and hemorrhage (42.90%). Additionally, lethality was remarkably counteracted. The highest extract ratio evaluated had a 75% survival rate. Our data support the biomedical value of U. sagittifolia as a source of natural enzyme inhibitors able to neutralize catalytically active B. atrox venom toxins and their toxic effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A First Look at the Inhibitory Potential of Urospatha sagittifolia (Araceae) Ethanolic Extract for Bothrops atrox Snakebite Envenomation

Palacios

Sacoto-Torres

Hernández-Altamirano

et al. 2022

Toxins

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Estudos Pré-Clínicos E Clínicos De Espécies Vegetais Selecionadas De Países Pertencentes Ao Mercosul E Aspectos Toxicológicos

Cechinel-Zanchett¹

2017

Infarma

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Medicinal plants are used to prevent and treat diseases and have been used by about 80% of the population for primary health care. The rich biodiversity of Brazil and neighboring Countries offers a unique and unparalleled potential for the discovery and development of bioactive agents. This study aimed to do a review of preclinical and clinical studies of herbal and plant species selected from Mercosul countries, and toxicological aspects. Based on previous work, the species with the highesAt number of register in Brazil (Anvisa), Aesculus hippocastanum (Horse Chestnut) and Mikania glomerata (Guaco); the most used as simple herbal medicines in Argentina Cynara scolymus L. (Artichoke) and Solanum dulcamara (Dulcamara); the sold medicinal plants in Paraguay Peumus boldus Mol. (Bilberry), and Borago officinalis (Borage); the most consumed in northern Uruguay Aloe vera (Aloe) and Passiflora edulis (Passion flower) and from Venezuela, Hedera helix (Hera) were selected for a review about pharmacology studies. Surveys on pre-clinical and clinical trials of these species were conducted on Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct databases in April 2016, in Portuguese and English. Then the most relevant articles were selected, using animals (rats, rabbits or mice), cellular or bacterial strains or clinical trials. About preclinical and clinical studies, Aloe and Artichoke showed the most substantial number of publications.Keywords: phytotherapy; Mercosul; medicinal plants RESUMOAs plantas medicinais são utilizadas para a prevenção e tratamento de doenças, sendo usada por cerca de 80% da população para o cuidado primário à saúde. A rica biodiversidade do Brasil e países vizinhos oferece um potencial único e incomparável para a descoberta e desenvolvimento de agentes bioativos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi fazer uma revisão sobre estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos de espécies vegetais selecionadas dos países do Mercosul e aspectos toxicológicos. Com base em trabalho publicado anteriormente pelo autor, foram selecionadas as espécies com maior nú-mero de registro na Anvisa no Brasil (Aesculus hippocastanum -Castanha da Índia e Mikania glomerata-Guaco); as mais utilizadas como medicamentos fitoterápicos simples na Argentina (Cynara scolymus L. -Alcachofra e Solanum dulcamara -Dulcamara); as plantas medicinais mais vendidas no Paraguai (Peumus boldus Mol. -Boldo e Borago officinalis -Borragem); as mais consumidas no norte do Uruguai (Aloe vera -Aloe e Passiflora edulis -Maracujá) e da Venezuela a Hedera helix (Hera) por ser muito popular no país seu consumo. Foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico, PubMed e Science Direct no mês de abril de 2016, sobre ensaios pré-clínicos e clínicos dessas espécies vegetais, em português e inglês, sendo selecionados os artigos mais relevantes, com uso de animais (ratos, coelhos ou camundongos), linhagens celulares ou bacterianas, ou estudos clínicos. Em relação aos estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos, Aloe e Alcachofra, foram as que apresentaram maior número de publi...

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Ethnobotanic study of Randia aculeata (Rubiaceae) in Jamapa, Veracruz, Mexico, and its anti-snake venom effects on mouse tissue

Gallardo-Casas¹,

Guevara‐Balcazar²,

Morales-Ramos³

et al. 2012

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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Abstract:In Mexico, medicinal plants are widely used. The use of Randia aculeata by healers against snakebites has never been scientifically tested in relation to possible effects on blood parameters and muscle tissue damage. Interviews were carried out in Jamapa, Veracuz, Mexico, with local residents to collect information about the traditional use of Randia aculeata. In this locality, seven pieces of fruit from the plant are mixed in a liter of alcohol, and then administered orally against snakebites. By using histological techniques and a murine model, we explored its cytoprotective properties against the effects of Crotalus simus and Bothrops asper venoms. Possible protections provided by the plant against tissue damage to skeletal and cardiac muscles and against the typical loss of red blood cells were analyzed. Randia aculeata caused an increase in microhematocrit and total hemoglobin, parameters that are often decremented in association with the loss of red blood cells, which is a characteristic effect of animal venom. Randia aculeata was also shown to protect against the lowering of platelet levels caused by Bothrops asper venom. Finally, Randia aculeata produced a partial inhibition of necrosis following administration of snake venom in skeletal and myocardial muscles. The present results provide solid evidence for the traditional use of Randia aculeata against snakebites, as demonstrated by protection against muscular tissue damage and the diminution of red blood cells.Key words: Rubiaceae, antivenoms, Bothrops, Crotalus, cytoprotection. Original PaPer INTRODUCTIONOphidian accidents represent a serious health problem, as they lead to an estimated 50,000 deaths and another 22,000 permanent injuries, including amputations and other losses of bodily functions that impede proper development within society (1). Among medical treatments for such accidents, medicinal plants used as ophidian antidotes generate special interest because of their potential pharmacological use. However, information remains scarce and many cases have not been subjected to true scientific analysis.In Mexico, a few plants have been evaluated including Brongniartia podalyrioides and B. intermedia, which were found to contain edunol, a substance that neutralizes the cardiological and toxic effects of the Bothrops atrox venom (2). In the country there are snakebite healers called "culebreros" that claim to know the proper antiophidic herbal remedies and methods of application (3). These healers often represent the only alternative given the lack of medical services that could otherwise provide anti-ophidian serum based on scientific research. In the best of cases, such a healer is apprenticed based on generations of practice that has led to an accumulation of knowledge on the effectiveness of distinct medicinal plants. A healer with this background is in reality keeping a valuable tradition alive (4). However, information on this use of medicinal plants is scarce and in many cases lacks scientific analysis.Ethnobotanic study of Randia ...

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Effect of Mikania glomerata (Asteraceae) leaf extract combined with anti-venom serum on experimental Crotalus durissus (Squamata: Viperidae) envenomation in rats

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

A First Look at the Inhibitory Potential of Urospatha sagittifolia (Araceae) Ethanolic Extract for Bothrops atrox Snakebite Envenomation

A First Look at the Inhibitory Potential of Urospatha sagittifolia (Araceae) Ethanolic Extract for Bothrops atrox Snakebite Envenomation

Estudos Pré-Clínicos E Clínicos De Espécies Vegetais Selecionadas De Países Pertencentes Ao Mercosul E Aspectos Toxicológicos

Ethnobotanic study of Randia aculeata (Rubiaceae) in Jamapa, Veracruz, Mexico, and its anti-snake venom effects on mouse tissue

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