Effect of micro-sized MgCO3 addition on properties of MgAl2O4 spinel containing castables

Effect of water‐soluble magnesium lactate on the volume stability of refractory castables containing calcium aluminate cement

“…The HMOR of castables containing magnesium lactate tested at 1400 • C is, however, above 8 MPa, which would be high enough for their application in steel ladles as lining materials. 24…”

“…7 Another is that nanosized powders agglomerate easily and, thus, are difficult to distribute uniformly because of the high surface activity, leading to the excessive sintering of castables. 26 In previous work, 24,25 inorganic magnesium salts, that is, MgCO 3 and basic magnesium carbonate (BMC) were used to generate in-situ nanofragments and, thus, to increase the volume stability of castables. It has been also found in previous work that both the particle size and distribution homogeneity of these precursors have a large effect on the properties of castables.…”

“…10 Therefore, several approaches have been attempted to improve the volume stability of castables containing CAC via optimizing the experimental conditions and formulations such as changing curing time, 11 introducing microsilica, 12,13 altering the binder system, [14][15][16][17] adding TiO 2 and rare earth oxides, 18,19 using micro-or nano-sized powders [20][21][22][23] and MgO-bearing precursors. 24,25 The addition of additives is the most clear-cut method in improving the volume stability of CAC-bonding castables. M.A.L.…”

“…Therefore, an alternative precursor in new forms was taken into consideration to possess a homogeneous distribution in castables to improve volume stability. Considering that the precursors used in previous work are inorganic magnesium salts, 24,25 and thus, are insoluble or limited soluble in water, the alternative precursor that could dissolve in water and generate micro-pores in castables matrix during heating is, therefore, preferred.…”

Effect of boric acid on properties of high‐alumina phosphate‐bonded plastic refractory materials

“…Hence, refractory materials have seen continuous development for satisfying the design requirements of various industrial boilers with different operating temperatures. Nowadays, most studies on refractory materials are limited to investigating their performance improvement at high temperatures (1300–1600 °C) and (rarely) at medium temperatures (700–1100 °C). However, many boilers working at medium temperatures still use refractory materials originally designed, whose strength was relatively low at lower operating temperatures .…”