Effect of micro-osteoperforations on external apical root resorption: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on external apical root resorption (EARR) during the initial orthodontic alignment phase of maxillary anterior crowding. Methods Thirty patients (25 females, 5 males; mean age, 22.66 ± 3.27 years) who presented with moderate crowding of the upper labial segment and underwent extraction-based fixed appliance treatment were recruited. They were randomly allocated to receive adjunctive therapy with MOPs (n = 15) or treatment with fixed appliances only (control group; n = 15). EARR was measured from long-cone periapical radiographs taken at the start and the sixth month of treatment. A correction factor for the enlargement difference was used to calculate EARR. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results The mean root lengths of 168 teeth were measured and showed no statistically significant difference ( p > 0.05) after six months of fixed appliance treatment in the MOP (mean difference [MD] = 0.13 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.10–0.35) and control group (MD = 0.14 mm; 95% CI = −0.10–0.37). Most of the roots in the MOP and control groups (42.86% and 52.38%, respectively) showed only mild resorption. Less than 8% of the roots in both groups (7.14% in the MOP group and 4.76% in the control group) showed moderate resorption. Conclusions Acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement with adjunctive MOPs therapy during the alignment phase does not exacerbate EARR in patients with moderate crowding of the upper labial segment in comparison with controls.

Reabsorción radicular asociada a tratamientos de ortodoncia con extracciones dentales: revisión de la literatura

“…Las fuerzas de ortodoncia causan microtraumatismos en el ligamento periodontal y activan la secreción de una cascada de eventos celulares asociados con la inflamación periodontal local, la regulación ascendente de citoquinas como la interleucina (IL)-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-8, factores de crecimiento (factor de crecimiento transformador-β (TGF-β), el factor de necrosis tumoral alfa (TNF-α) factor de crecimiento de fibroblastos (FGF), proteína morfogenética ósea (BMP), la prostaglandina E2 (PGE)2), reclutamiento de osteoblastos y osteoclastos, después de la aplicación de fuerza durante el tratamiento de ortodoncia (Ahuja et al, 2017;Bayir & Gumus, 2021;Shahrin et al, 2021).…”

“…El factor limitante de la velocidad de MDO es la reabsorción ósea (Bayir & Gumus, 2021). La reabsorción radicular ha sido iniciada por células parecidas a los macrófagos del suministro de sangre del ligamento periodontal, produciendo daño a la capa de cementoblastos cercana que recubre el cementoide, esto conlleva a la exposición del cemento, dejando a la superficie de la raíz desnuda y más propensa a la reabsorción por las células carroñeras y los osteoclastos (Shahrin et al, 2021).…”

“…5 No 3.1, pp. 100 -118 , julio 2022 www.concienciadigital.org del segmento labial superior en comparación con los controles (Aboalnaga et al, 2019;Shahrin et al, 2021).…”

External Root Resorption (ERR) after orthodontic treatment: Review article

“…Biological factors are related to genetic susceptibility, systemic disease, age, sex, previous trauma reabsorption, habits. In contrast, treatment-related factors are based on mechanical factors such as the magnitude of force, amount of dental movement, type of force and apparatus used [5]. However, Ciurla A and Szymanska J, describe these factors as age, sex, type of malocclusion, horizontal and vertical overbite it does not represent risk factors for the development of ERR, as it also emphasizes that the pro-inclination of the maxillary and mandibular incisors predisposes to a shortening of the roots of these teeth during the different phases of treatment [9].…”

“…Due to dental movement and as a consequence of sterile inflammation of the periodontal ligament and alterations in the microcirculation that allows the presence of a large number of cytokines and molecular factors involved with the activation of osteoclasts, including the kappa-B (Rankl) /Rank nuclear factor ligand receptor activator, osteoprotegerin (OPG) pathways and interleukin (IL-1). Initial root resorption is caused by the activity of macrophage-like cells from the periodontal ligament, which causes damage to the root cement matrix, thus producing a denuded dentin root surface which is more susceptible to resorption as a result of osteoclast activity [5,6].…”