Effect of methane addition to ethylene on the morphology and size distribution of soot in a laminar co-flow diffusion flame

Chu, Huaqiang; Han, Shichang; Cao, Wenjian; Gu, Mingyan; Xu, Guangju

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.10.093

Cited by 96 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Gülder burner is widely used for the study of hydrocarbon fuel coaxial jet diffusion flame. More details about the burner can be found in our previous works [34,35]. e mixed fuel is vaporized through an evaporator, and a stable laminar diffusion flame is formed when the oxidizer (air) is 60 L/min.…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ethanol Blending on the Formation of Soot in n-Heptane/Air Coflow Diffusion Flame

Nie

Peng

et al. 2020

Journal of Chemistry

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Laminar diffusion flame was used to study the effect of ethanol on n-heptane flame in terms of the morphology and microstructure of soot under atomization combustion. For the same carbon mass flux at the outlet of the burner, the ratio of ethanol doping in n-heptane was changed, and the soot was collected from the axial positions of the flame at different heights using the thermophoresis probe method. The results showed that the flame height increased significantly with the increasing ratio of ethanol doping. When the ratio of ethanol and n-heptane (CE/CN) was 1.5, the flame height increased by 10 mm compared with that of pure n-heptane flame. Besides, the temperature in the center of the flame decreased with the increasing ratio of ethanol doping, but the temperature in the low position was higher than that in the pure n-heptane flame, and the temperature in the high position was lower than that in the pure n-heptane flame. However, the flame temperature was the highest when the proportion of ethanol in the mixture was greater than that of n-heptane. The temperature at the flame center decreased with the increasing ratio of ethanol doping, while the temperature at the flame edge increased with the ratio. The primary particle size of soot (soot size hereafter) in all working conditions increased with the increase of flame height, which was in line with the general growth law of soot. Moreover, the soot size at the same height decreased with the increasing ratio of ethanol doping, and this trend was most obvious at the flame height of 20 mm and 30 mm. Compared with pure n-heptane, when CE/CN was 1.5, the soot size at 20 mm and 30 mm decreased by an average of 34.83%, indicating that ethanol could inhibit the surface growth of soot particle. Furthermore, the density of soot particles collected by a single copper net decreased significantly, indicating that ethanol could reduce the production amount of soot.

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Section: Experimental Setup and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ethanol Blending on the Formation of Soot in n-Heptane/Air Coflow Diffusion Flame

Nie

Peng

et al. 2020

Journal of Chemistry

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“…Changshu Institute of Technology, China, used a system that needed a standalone N2 cylinder for operating TSS along with the other cylinders for combustion process [1], but what we observed that this pneumatic system design was only able to achieve a sampling residence time of 37ms at 10bar [1] The other pneumatic system that was researched was used by the University of Duisburg, Germany, which was a much more complicated system using a piston configuration but still it can only achieve residue time with a range from 67 to 1873 ms [2]. Our design objective is to achieve ultra high-speed stroke with a residue time of 3ms which cannot be achieved with these designs.…”

Section: Pneumatic System Architectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A self-locking tweezer was chosen for holding the micro-grid, and this tweezer will hold the micro grid which goes into the tweezer holder that is designed in-house, as explained in 2.4.9. Using a tweezer for holding the micro grid was inspired by the design in the paper of Chu H, Han W, Cao W [1] as depicted in Figure 1. 2.4.9 TWEEZER HOLDER As the slider was having a M5 bore at one end, we needed to design a M5 screw bit that can hold a tweezer which in-turn holds the TEM-micro grid.…”

Section: Tweezermentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Of A Thermophoretic Sampling System To Collect Soot From Flames

Chinnam¹

2021

Preprint

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<div><b>Project Objective</b></div><div>Design a thermophoretic sampling system and purchase all required material and equipment for the design.</div><div><br></div><div><b>Methodology to be Adopted</b></div><div>Study the systems available in the market and design the most effective and cost-efficient system. It includes studying different motors and associated components that are available in the market and selecting the right components to suit the purpose.</div><div><br></div><div><b>Brief Summary of the Project</b></div><div>The report discusses the planning phase of the project to the end of the design phase along with a few suggestions for a further scope of work. This project includes choosing the best system to design with-in the few well-known existing models such as the multi-probe system, pneumatic and electric linear motor system, amongst others. After considering multiple factors, an electric linear motor configuration architect was chosen for the design. The secondary research is to find the right motor (stator), slider, servo drive, trailing chain cable, power supply, lubricant, USB interface converter, tweezer, set screw, washer, thin hex nut, gasket sealant and a novel designed tweezer holder according to the design requirement and fabrication ease. The major objective of the design is to achieve an ultra-high-speed stroke with a residue time as little as 3ms to 100ms for collecting soot from different flames. Another novel highlight of the project was the TEM mesh (micro-grid) holder using a tweezer and an in-house designed tweezer holder. All the required purchase orders are placed for the components needed for designed thermophoretic sampling device. </div>

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“…Surface reactions play an important role in the mass growth of soot, which have been investigated using various experimental and theoretical approaches [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive sites on the surface of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon clusters: A numerical study

Chen

Luo

2020

Combustion and Flame

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The surface growth of soot is a key process in its mass growth, depending crucially on surface properties. In this work, we directly extract the detailed surface properties, such as surface area, number density of reactive sites on a particle and parameter α, from the microscopic configuration of PAH clusters. Five representative PAHs, including pyrene (C16H10), coronene (C24H12), ovalene (C32H14), hexabenzocoronene (C42H18) and circumcoronene (C54H18), are used to build the model configurations of nascent soot. We develop a numerical scheme to determine the detailed surface properties based on the approximation of solventexcluded surface. The assumption of spherical particles is found to introduce a large uncertainty in the estimation of the surface area, and the error can be a factor of 2.5 in the worst case. The number density of atoms or sites on cluster surfaces does not depend on the chemical composition of a particle larger than 2 nm in diameter, and our study indicates that the number density of hydrogen atom is overestimated by a factor of 3 compared to a theoretical limit in the literature. Finally, we propose a new equation for parameter α, which includes the effects of the size of gaseous species in surface reaction, local temperature, particle size and chemical composition.

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Effect of methane addition to ethylene on the morphology and size distribution of soot in a laminar co-flow diffusion flame

Cited by 96 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of Ethanol Blending on the Formation of Soot in n-Heptane/Air Coflow Diffusion Flame

Effects of Ethanol Blending on the Formation of Soot in n-Heptane/Air Coflow Diffusion Flame

Design Of A Thermophoretic Sampling System To Collect Soot From Flames

Reactive sites on the surface of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon clusters: A numerical study

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