Effect of Metformin on Different Non-Diabetes Related Conditions, a Special Focus on Malignant Conditions: Review of Literature

Abdelgadir, Elamin; Ali, Razan; Rashid, Fouzia; Bashier, Alaaeldin

doi:10.14740/jocmr2922e

Cited by 34 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 71 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this sense, the use of statin and aspirin are being use in clinical trials (NCT02081638), and in addition antioxidant vitamins, amino acids or other dietary supplements have started to be widespread in the HIV-infected community [18]. Based on our results, metformin and thiazolidinediones, widely used to treat type 2 diabetes, could be potential therapies given that it has been demonstrated that they improve glucose metabolism [69]. Another therapeutic option could be the use of antioxidants, such us vitamin E mentioned before [59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunometabolism is a key factor for the persistent spontaneous elite control of HIV-1 infection

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Approximately 25% of elite controllers (ECs) lose their virological control by mechanisms that are only partially known. Recently, immunovirological and proteomic factors have been associated to the loss of spontaneous control. Our aim was to perform a metabolomic approach to identify the underlying mechanistic pathways and potential biomarkers associated with this loss of control. Methods Plasma samples from EC who spontaneously lost virological control (Transient Controllers, TC, n = 8), at two and one year before the loss of control, were compared with a control group of EC who persistently maintained virological control during the same follow-up period (Persistent Controllers, PC, n = 8). The determination of metabolites and plasma lipids was performed by GC-qTOF and LC-qTOF using targeted and untargeted approaches. Metabolite levels were associated with the polyfunctionality of HIV-specific CD8 + T-cell response. Findings Our data suggest that, before the loss of control, TCs showed a specific circulating metabolomic profile characterized by aerobic glycolytic metabolism, deregulated mitochondrial function, oxidative stress and increased immunological activation. In addition, CD8 + T-cell polyfunctionality was strongly associated with metabolite levels. Finally, valine was the main differentiating factor between TCs and PCs. Interpretation All these metabolomic differences should be considered not only as potential biomarkers but also as therapeutic targets in HIV infection. Fund This work was supported by grants from Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Fondos FEDER; Red de Investigación en Sida, Gilead Fellowship program, Spanish Ministry of Education and Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunometabolism is a key factor for the persistent spontaneous elite control of HIV-1 infection

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both the diet and drugs influence the faecal microbiota [ 4 – 7 ]. Metformin has anti-hyperglycemic and weight-reducing effects, which are beneficial in subjects with obesity [ 8 – 10 ]. The effects depend in part on the altering of the gut microbiome [ 11 – 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separating “good” from “bad” faecal dysbiosis – evidence from two cross-sectional studies

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundFaecal dysbiosis associated with the use of metformin has been conceived as a favourable (“good”) dysbiosis and that with intake of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) as unfavourable (“bad”). The study aimed to construct an alternative dysbiosis index (ADI) for the separation of the dysbioses into “good” and “bad”, and to validate the ADI.MethodsSubjects with morbid obesity were included. Use of NNS and drugs were noted, IBS was classified according to the Rome III criteria and the severity measured with the Irritable bowel severity scoring system (IBSSS). Faecal dysbiosis was tested with GA-Map ™ Dysbiosis test (Genetic Analysis AS, Oslo, Norway). The result was given as Dysbiosis Index (DI) scores 1–5, score > 2 indicates dysbiosis. An ADI was constructed and validated in subjects with IBS at another hospital.ResultsSeventy-six women and 14 men aged 44.7 years (SD 8.6) with BMI 41.8 kg/m2 (SD 3.6) were included. Dysbiosis was associated with the use of NNS and metformin, but not with IBS or IBSSS. An ADI based on differences in 7 bacteria was positively and negatively associated with the “good” metformin dysbiosis and the “bad” NNS dysbiosis respectively. The ADI was also negatively associated with IBSSS (a “bad” dysbiosis). The negative associations between ADI and IBS and IBSS were confirmed in the validation group.ConclusionsThe new ADI, but not the DI, allowed separation of the “good” and “bad” faecal dysbiosis. Rather than merely reporting dysbiosis and degrees of dysbiosis, future diagnostic tests should distinguish between types of dysbiosis.

show abstract

“…Furthermore, a recent cohort study found that primary open angle glaucoma patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly with treated type 2 DM, had significantly slower rates of retinal nerve fibre layer thinning compared to those without DM . Over‐expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the retina of diabetics or protective effects of metformin on mitochondrial function and retinal ganglion cells may be the underlying mechanism for the protective effect against glaucomatous damage. All these findings may imply that the relatively slower progression of glaucoma may be a potential explanation for the poorer persistence among diabetic patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐world assessment of topical glaucoma medication persistence rates based on national pharmaceutical claim data in a defined population

Zhu

Jiang

Wang

et al. 2019

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Importance The rate and determinants of persistence to topical glaucoma medications are important for identifying patients at high risk of discontinuing medications and designing targeted approaches to improve persistence. Background To evaluate the rate and determinants of persistence to topical glaucoma medications among middle‐aged and older Australian adults. Design Population‐based cohort study. Participants Participants in need of persistent topical glaucoma medications in the 45 and Up Study. Methods The 45 and Up Study is a large‐scale population‐based cohort study. Participants were classified as needing persistent topical glaucoma medications if at least three claims with related prescriptions were recorded. Persistence was defined as topical glaucoma medications were filled within 90 days. Main Outcome Measures The rates and determinants of medication persistence at 2‐year follow‐up. Results A total of 12 899 patients requiring persistent topical glaucoma medications were identified. Among them, 9019 (69.9%) had persisted with their glaucoma medications for at least 2 years. Multiple logistic regression analysis documented significant effects of patient‐related factors (gender, socioeconomic status, language spoken at home, lifestyle and comorbidities) and drug‐related factors (total number and drug class) on the persistence rate. Those most at risk groups of non‐persistence were those patients living in remote areas (odds ratio, OR: 0.59, 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.37‐0.92), having family income over 70 000 AUD/year (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.45‐0.62), speaking other languages at home (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.53‐0.68), and using cholinergic classes of medications (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.38‐0.79). Conclusions and Relevance Our data has shown a medium level of persistence to topical glaucoma medication among middle‐aged and older Australian adults. However, efforts are still needed to improve the rate of persistence.

show abstract

Effect of Metformin on Different Non-Diabetes Related Conditions, a Special Focus on Malignant Conditions: Review of Literature

Cited by 34 publications

References 71 publications

Immunometabolism is a key factor for the persistent spontaneous elite control of HIV-1 infection

Immunometabolism is a key factor for the persistent spontaneous elite control of HIV-1 infection

Separating “good” from “bad” faecal dysbiosis – evidence from two cross-sectional studies

Real‐world assessment of topical glaucoma medication persistence rates based on national pharmaceutical claim data in a defined population

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About