Effect of metal–acid site balance on hydroconversion of decalin over Pt/Beta zeolite bifunctional catalysts

Ring opening of decalin over bifunctional Ni–W carbide/Al2O3–USY catalysts and monofunctional acid Ni–W oxide/Al2O3–USY

“…The higher Y ROP for the CAT-W18C should be caused by the fact that high hydrogenation activity on metal sites of bifunctional catalysts makes olenic intermediates formed aer b-scission easier hydrogenating to form ROP rather than CP. 30 In addition, the lower strong Brönsted acid sites on bifunctional catalysts can avoid the subsequent cracking reaction of ROP. 8 At the same time, the yield of CP for the monofunctional acid catalysts shown in Fig.…”

“…It can be proposed that the ring opening of decalin over bifunctional catalysts obeys bifunctional mechanism. 12,30 Firstly, the dehydrogenation of decalin on the metal sites formed a carbenium ion, and then the produced carbenium ion underwent the skeletal isomerization or the ring opening on acid sites by b-scission to form an olen. Lastly, the corresponding olen was hydrogenated on the metal sites.…”

“…Recently, the bifunctional catalysts 1,7,8,10,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] has been used in the ring opening of naphthenes which showed good performance because of its more acid sites and higher hydrogenation on metal sites. The studies about bifunctional catalysts mainly focused on some noble metal catalyst, 1,[8][9][10]12,[14][15][16][18][19][20][21][24][25][26][28][29][30][31] which are easier sulfur poisoning. 7,32,33 It is reported that transition metal carbide catalysts have shown excellent hydrogenation activity for hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) due to its higher hydrogenation on transition metal sites.…”

The controlled synthesis of metal-acid bifunctional catalysts: The effect of metal:acid ratio and metal-acid proximity in Pt silica-alumina catalysts for n-heptane isomerization

“…Metal-acid bifunctional catalysts have become part and parcel of many industrially significant chemical processes for energy, environment and consumer based applications. Already established processes include, but are not limited to, selective ring opening (increase of cetane number), hydroisomerization (increase of octane number), hydrocracking of heavy oils, reforming and dewaxing [1][2][3][4][5][6]. More recently, studies on the utility of bifunctional catalysts on biomass conversion have been on the rise [7][8][9][10].…”

Development of Bifunctional Hydrodeoxygenation Catalyst Rh‐HY for the Generation of Biomass‐Derived High‐Energy‐Density Fuels

“…At temperatures between 200 and 250 °C no significant deactivation was detected. Hence, we can speculate that an increase in the metal site/acid site ratio would lead to a closer proximity between the Rh particles and the adjacent acid sites, which would facilitate the deoxygenation . It is enticing to attempt a comparison between the Rh‐HY catalysts and other HDO catalysts in the literature.…”