Effect of menadione (vitamin K₃) addition on lipid oxidation and tocopherol content in plant oils

Abstract

The effect of added menadione (vitamin K3) on stored corn and wheat germ oil on the dissolution and dimerization of natural tocopherols and autoxidation of triacylglycerols was investigated. Samples of corn and wheat germ oils pure and with added menadione were stored at +20 degrees C in brown and transparent glass bottles. During storage their peroxide value, changes of the content of fatty acids and dissolution of tocopherols were measured. Destruction of individual tocopherols in tested oils with menadione stored in both dark and transparent glass bottles was greater than in the oil samples without menadione. However, the degradation of individual tocopherols was different in each oil. Addition of menadione to the both oils resulted in accelerated the process of autoxidation of these oils. The corn oil stored in transparent bottles was oxidized faster than the one stored in brown bottles. The pro-oxidant activity of menadione was additionally activated by light. In contrast, in the case of germ oil, the process of autoxidation was very fast regardless of sort of container. Addition of menadione to the plant oils influenced the dissolution of natural tocopherols but did not influence the dimerization of tocopherols. As from the experiment, the addition of menadione to the oils decreased their nutritive value.

Chemical and elemental characterization of wheat germ oil (Triticum spp. L.) cultivated in Turkey

“…(10700 ppm), magnesium (82950 ppm) and calcium (268 ppm), sodium (242 ppm), manganese (236 ppm) while zinc (158 ppm), iron (88 ppm) and copper (10 ppm) were in minor amount. In another study, the mineral content of wheat germ were found to be potassium (1087.39 ppm), magnesium (220.57 ppm), calcium (44.59 ppm), manganese (17.21 ppm), zinc (16.89 ppm), sodium (10.56 ppm), iron (10.19 ppm) and copper (1.02 ppm) content were much lower than that of our samples (Kupczyk and Gogolewski, 2003). Although, several factors may affect the elemental contents of plants such as the variety, harvesting time, soil type, soil conditions, fertilization, irrigation and weather etc (Ahmet and Bouhadjera, 2010;Kan et al, 2005).…”

“…Vitamin E compounds (tocopherols and tocotrienols) are effective inhibitors of lipid oxidation in food and biological systems. Tocopherols are a very important dietary nutrient for human and animals because they are only synthesized by plants (Kupczyk and Gogolewski, 2003).…”

Effect of fatty acids and tocopherols on the oxidative stability of vegetable oils

“…The phytosteryl ferulate esters of rice bran oil, g-oryzanols, are important antioxidants in this oil [74]. Other lipid-soluble compounds, such as menadione (vitamin K3), are also found to exert protective effects against lipid oxidation and tocopherol degradation in vegetable oils [75]. The effects of natural antioxidants, such as phenolic acids, lignans, lecithins, and oryzanols on the stability of frying oils have already been discussed [76].…”

Influence of added menadione (vitamin K3) on dissolution and dimerization of tocopherols and autoxidation of triacylglycerols during storage of plant oils

“…K3) on the dissolution and dimerization of natural tocopherols in rapeseed and soybean oils and autoxidation of triacylglycerols. Menadione, with its chemical structure like a p-benzoquinone (mild oxidant generally used for the oxidation of tocopherols), can cause dissolution and dimerization of tocopherols [7,15]. Plant oils are added to The effect of added menadione (vit.…”