Effect of Melatonin Injected into the Third Ventricle on Growth Hormone Secretion in Holstein Steers

Kasuya, Etsuko; Kushibiki, Shiro; Sutoh, Madoka; Ito, Shuichi; Yayou, Ken-ichi; Sakumoto, Ryosuke; Hodate, Koichi

doi:10.1292/jvms.68.1075

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, our results showed that melatonin was at least in part involved in these mechanisms in goats, although controversial results (Valcavi et al . 1993; Kasuya et al . 2006) were reported on the effects of melatonin on the secretion of GH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of photoperiod on the secretion of growth hormone in female goats

Jin

Yaegashi

Sawai

et al. 2012

Animal Science Journal

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The aim of the present study was to clarify the effect of photoperiod on the secretion of growth hormone (GH) in goats. Adult female goats were kept at 20°C with an 8-h or 16-h photoperiod, and secretory patterns of GH for 4 h (12.00 to 16.00 hours) were compared. In addition, the goats were kept under a 16-h photoperiod and orally administered saline (controls) or melatonin, and the effects of melatonin on the secretion of GH were examined. GH was secreted in a pulsatile manner. There were no significant differences in pulse frequency between the 8- and 16-h photoperiods; however, GH pulse amplitude tended to be greater in the group with the 16-h photoperiod (P = 0.1), and mean GH concentrations were significantly greater in the 16-h photoperiod (P < 0.05). The GH-releasing response to GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) was also significantly greater for the 16-h photoperiod (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in GH pulse frequency between the saline- and melatonin-treated groups. However, GH pulse amplitude and mean GH concentrations were significantly greater in the saline-treated group (P < 0.05). The present results show that a long photoperiod enhances the secretion of GH, and melatonin modifies GH secretion in female goats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of photoperiod on the secretion of growth hormone in female goats

Jin

Yaegashi

Sawai

et al. 2012

Animal Science Journal

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“…More than one month before the experiment, an 18 gauge stainless cannula (Eicom, Kyoto, Japan) was stereotaxically implanted into the third cerebral ventricle of each steer under isoflurane anesthesia according to a procedure reported earlier [7]. Briefly, the head of each steer was placed in a stereotaxic apparatus for calves [14].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracerebroventricularly Administered Oxytocin Attenuated Cortisol Secretion, but not Behavioral Responses, during Isolation in Holstein Steers

Yayou

Ito

Kasuya

et al. 2008

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. In rodents, intracerebroventricular oxytocin administration attenuated hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) responses and anxiety behavior during stress. We examined the effects of intracerebroventricular injection of oxytocin on isolation-induced stress responses in cattle. In a methodological test, we determined the dosage of oxytocin applied in a main test which did not induce an increase in plasma cortisol concentration or stereotyped behaviors. In a main test, 5 steers aged from 199 to 250 days were assigned to the following three treatments randomly: T1, no isolation after injection of 200 µl of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF); T2, isolation after aCSF injection; and T3, isolation after 0.5 µg of oxytocin in 200 µl aCSF injection. The isolation was conducted by leaving the experimental steer alone in its stall for one hour while its peers were taken outside. In T2, the isolation induced a rapid increase in plasma cortisol concentration. The maximum %-changes from the pre-isolation value were significantly attenuated by oxytocin injection (T2 vs. T3, p<0.05). The isolation also induced an increase in the frequency (number of occurrences/1 hr isolation) of vocalizations and body orientation changes, and a decrease in the percentage of time spent lying and ruminating. The effect of oxytocin on these behavioral responses to isolation was not apparent. These results indicate that intracerebroventricularly injected oxytocin at low dose attenuated the cortisol response to isolation in steers while the effect on behavior was very small in this experimental condition. KEY WORDS: behavior, cortisol, isolation, oxytocin, steer.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 70 (7): [665][666][667][668][669][670][671] 2008 In response to various stressors, oxytocin is released not only peripherally, but also intracerebrally to regulate pituitary-adrenocortical and behavioral stress responses [11]. Recent studies in rodents have shown that oxytocin suppresses the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) response to stressors [11,12,18] and has anxiolytic properties [9,19]. There are, however, few studies about the anti-stress effect of central oxytocin in animals other than rodents. In sheep, oxytocin infusions directly into the posterior pituitary, but not into paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, suppressed cortisol responsiveness to an acute psychological stressor, a barking dog [4]. They, however, did not elucidate the anxiolytic properties of oxytocin because of their experimental design.Recently, Ludwig et al. reviewed evidence that neuropeptides, such as oxytocin and vasopressin, are released from dendrites and diffuse to distant targets to exert long-lasting changes on behavior [8]. We tried to mimic this phenomenon by intracerebroventricular administration of oxytocin.We used steers in the present study. The anti-stress effect of central oxytocin has not been elucidated in cattle. In our previous study in steers, intracerebroventricularly infused corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) or arginine vasopressin (AVP) activ...

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“…These variations in the relationship between melatonin and GH might be due to multiple factors, such as differences in the physiological conditions, different actions depending on the species studied, experimental models used, etc. [21]. Many studies indicate a connection between pineal gland function and the GH/IGF-1 axis in mammals; however, their results are not always synonymous.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin Excretion in Male GH-Deficient Children and Adolescents

Fideleff

Boquete

et al. 2015

Horm Res Paediatr

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Aim: To evaluate melatonin secretion in a group of untreated and treated male growth hormone (GH)-deficient children and adolescents. Methods: We studied 44 male subjects: 8 untreated GH-deficient patients (GHDnt), 16 treated GH-deficient patients (GHDt) and 20 healthy children and adolescents as control group (CG). We measured urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-SM) in total (24-hour samples), nocturnal (18.00-8.00 h) and diurnal samples (8.00-18.00 h). Levels of 6-SM were expressed as micrograms excreted per time interval and Δ values (difference between nighttime and daytime values). Results: Significant differences were observed among the 3 groups of pediatric subjects studied for total 6-SM (p < 0.0001), nocturnal 6-SM (p < 0.0001) and Δ values (p < 0.0001). Subsequent analysis showed significantly higher levels for total 6-SM, nocturnal 6-SM and nighttime-daytime Δ in the CG versus the GHDnt (p < 0.01) and in the CG versus the GHDt group (p < 0.01). No significant correlations were found between 6-SM excretion and insulin-like growth factor-1 values in the children and adolescents studied. Conclusions: GH-deficient patients showed lower levels of 6-SM. Our findings provide a different insight to a further understanding of some chronobiological disorders involved in GH deficiency in children.

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Effect of Melatonin Injected into the Third Ventricle on Growth Hormone Secretion in Holstein Steers

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of photoperiod on the secretion of growth hormone in female goats

Effects of photoperiod on the secretion of growth hormone in female goats

Intracerebroventricularly Administered Oxytocin Attenuated Cortisol Secretion, but not Behavioral Responses, during Isolation in Holstein Steers

Decreased 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin Excretion in Male GH-Deficient Children and Adolescents

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