Effect of mechanical ventilation strategy on dissemination of intratracheally instilled Escherichia coli in dogs

Nahum, Avi; Hoyt, J.; Schmitz, Laura L.; Moody, Julia; Shapiro, Robert; Marini, John J.

doi:10.1097/00003246-199710000-00026

Cited by 227 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In the first strategy, bacteria are injected into the lungs prior to mechanical ventilation (71,72) (Figure 1). A second strategy uses bacterial instillation after ventilation and mimics the more natural disease evolution (31,32) where mechanical ventilation precedes bacterial infection occurring in VAP patients.…”

Section: Types Of Pneumonia Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of hospital-acquired pneumonia: current practices and future perspectives

Bielen¹,

Jongers²,

Malhotra-Kumar³

et al. 2017

Ann. Transl. Med.

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Lower respiratory tract infections are amongst the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Especially in hospital settings and more particularly in critically ill ventilated patients, nosocomial pneumonia is one of the most serious infectious complications frequently caused by opportunistic pathogens.Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most important causes of ventilator-associated pneumonia as well as the major cause of chronic pneumonia in cystic fibrosis patients. Animal models of pneumonia allow us to investigate distinct types of pneumonia at various disease stages, studies that are not possible in patients.Different animal models of pneumonia such as one-hit acute pneumonia models, ventilator-associated pneumonia models and biofilm pneumonia models associated with cystic fibrosis have been extensively studied and have considerably aided our understanding of disease pathogenesis and testing and developing new treatment strategies. The present review aims to guide investigators in choosing appropriate animal pneumonia models by describing and comparing the relevant characteristics of each model using P. aeruginosa as a model etiology for hospital-acquired pneumonia. Key to establishing and studying these animal models of infection are well-defined end-points that allow precise monitoring and characterization of disease development that could ultimately aid in translating these findings to patient populations in order to guide therapy. In this respect, and discussed here, is the development of humanized animal models of bacterial pneumonia that could offer unique advantages to study bacterial virulence factor expression and host cytokine production for translational purposes.

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Section: Types Of Pneumonia Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal models of hospital-acquired pneumonia: current practices and future perspectives

Bielen¹,

Jongers²,

Malhotra-Kumar³

et al. 2017

Ann. Transl. Med.

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“…This study in noncritically ill patients, however, excluded patients with pneumonia, and did not assess the bacterial burden of the lungs. Translocation of bacterial products [5] or even entire micro-organisms [6] from the lungs to the bloodstream, however, may play a crucial role for the pyrogenic response after BAL, particularly in the presence of mechanical ventilation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic inflammatory response after bronchoalveolar lavage in critically ill patients

Bauer

Arosio²,

Montón³

et al. 2001

Eur Respir J

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Bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) may be followed by a systemic inflammatory response. Previous reports have suggested pneumonia as a predisposing condition and systemic cytokines as possible mediators.To test this hypothesis, systemic levels of interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) were studied before and at 12 h and 24 h after bronchoscopically guided BAL in 30 mechanically ventilated patients (median age 67 (range 54 -76) yrs, simplified acute physiology score II (SAPS II) 33 (12 -56)), 20 of whom had pneumonia and 10 of whom were control patients without pneumonia. Arterial oxygen partial pressure to inspired oxygen fraction ratio (Pa,O 2 /FI,O 2 ), body temperature, mean arterial pressure, and cardiac frequency were recorded. The majority of patients (28/30, 93%) received antibiotic treatment prior to the procedure.

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“…Many experimental studies have shown that bacteria translocate from the lungs to the bloodstream via mechanical ventilation. [7][8][9][10] Mechanical ventilation strategies associated with high VT and high airway pressure can produce microvascular injury in the lungs, leading to pulmonary edema, which results in lymphatic flow acceleration that allows bacteria to enter systemic circulation. [13,14] Deterioration of mucociliary activity caused by mechanical ventilation can also facilitate passage of bacteria by disrupting bacterial clearance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Different recruitment maneuvers (RMs) are important adjuncts of mechanical ventilation in clinical practice, used to studies. [7][8][9][10] Repeated collapse and reopening of the alveoli, inflammation, and high ventilation pressures and volumes have been shown to cause VILI. [11,12] Examined in the present study were the effects of different RMs with identical inflation pressure-time products on bacterial translocation from the lungs to the bloodstream, oxygenation, morphologic changes, and wet:dry weight ratio of the lungs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of different recruitment maneuvers on bacterial translocation and ventilatory induced lung injury

Ozcan

Akıncı

Edipoğlu

et al. 2015

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg

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Effect of mechanical ventilation strategy on dissemination of intratracheally instilled Escherichia coli in dogs

Cited by 227 publications

References 26 publications

Animal models of hospital-acquired pneumonia: current practices and future perspectives

Animal models of hospital-acquired pneumonia: current practices and future perspectives

Systemic inflammatory response after bronchoalveolar lavage in critically ill patients

The effects of different recruitment maneuvers on bacterial translocation and ventilatory induced lung injury

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