Effect of mechanical perturbation on the biomechanics, primary growth and secondary tissue development of inflorescence stems of Arabidopsis thaliana

Paul‐Victor, Cloé; Rowe, Nick

doi:10.1093/aob/mcq227

Cited by 58 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The interfascicular cambium, and therefore the complete cambial ring, develops only in the most basal region of the inflorescence stem (Lev-Yadun, 1994;Altamura et al, 2001;Little et al, 2002;Sehr et al, 2010;Paul-Victor and Rowe, 2011;Suer et al, 2011;Agusti et al, 2011a;Agusti et al, 2011b). In the upper parts of the stem, only the fascicular cambium is active, and it gives Anatomy at A) the base of a mature Col stem, B) 5 cm height, C) the base of a 6-cm-long inflorescence stem, and D) the base of a 20 cm long inflorescence stem.…”

Section: Development Of the Shoot Vascular Cambiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Cambium Development

Nieminen

Blomster

Helariutta

et al. 2015

The Arabidopsis Book

116

110

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Secondary phloem and xylem tissues are produced through the activity of vascular cambium, the cylindrical secondary meristem which arises among the primary plant tissues. Most dicotyledonous species undergo secondary development, among them Arabidopsis. Despite its small size and herbaceous nature, Arabidopsis displays prominent secondary growth in several organs, including the root, hypocotyl and shoot. Together with the vast genetic resources and molecular research methods available for it, this has made Arabidopsis a versatile and accessible model organism for studying cambial development and wood formation. In this review, we discuss and compare the development and function of the vascular cambium in the Arabidopsis root, hypocotyl, and shoot. We describe the current understanding of the molecular regulation of vascular cambium and compare it to the function of primary meristems. We conclude with a look at the future prospects of cambium research, including opportunities provided by phenotyping and modelling approaches, complemented by studies of natural variation and comparative genetic studies in perennial and woody plant species.

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Section: Development Of the Shoot Vascular Cambiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Cambium Development

Nieminen

Blomster

Helariutta

et al. 2015

The Arabidopsis Book

116

110

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“…This is consistent with previously observed CALPAIN OE phenotypes in the leaf, where additional mesophyll cell layers occur (Johnson et al., ). The cortex has been reported to contribute to the mechanical support of the stem, and the thickness of this layer is shown to increase after mechanical perturbation (Paul‐Victor & Rowe, ). We propose that an increased number of cortex cell layers could impart mechanical support to the CALPAIN OE stem.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arabidopsis DEFECTIVE KERNEL1 regulates cell wall composition and axial growth in the inflorescence stem

et al. 2017

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Axial growth in plant stems requires a fine balance between elongation and stem mechanical reinforcement to ensure mechanical stability. Strength is provided by the plant cell wall, the deposition of which must be coordinated with cell expansion and elongation to ensure that integrity is maintained during growth. Coordination of these processes is critical and yet poorly understood. The plant‐specific calpain, DEFECTIVE KERNEL 1 ( DEK 1), plays a key role in growth coordination in leaves, yet its role in regulating stem growth has not been addressed. Using plants overexpressing the active CALPAIN domain of DEK 1 ( CALPAIN OE ) and a DEK 1 knockdown line ( ami RNA ‐ DEK 1 ), we undertook morphological, biochemical, biophysical, and microscopic analyses of mature inflorescence stems. We identify a novel role for DEK 1 in the maintenance of cell wall integrity and coordination of growth during inflorescence stem development. CALPAIN OE plants are significantly reduced in stature and have short, thickened stems, while ami RNA ‐ DEK 1 lines have weakened stems that are unable to stand upright. Microscopic analyses of the stems identify changes in cell size, shape and number, and differences in both primary and secondary cell wall thickness and composition. Taken together, our results suggest that DEK 1 influences primary wall growth by indirectly regulating cellulose and pectin deposition. In addition, we observe changes in secondary cell walls that may compensate for altered primary cell wall composition. We propose that DEK 1 activity is required for the coordination of stem strengthening with elongation during axial growth.

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“…Paul and Rowe (2011) [37] and Goodman and Ennos (1998) [38] indicate that such effects can be the result of the thigmomorphogenesis phenomenon, that is, a response to mechanical stimulation, in addition to the genetic characteristics of the conical race of native blue maize. Table 6 presents the effect of the different treatments on the number of leaves of native blue maize.…”

Section: Diameter Of the Stemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Nejayote as a Foliar and Edaphic Fertiliser to Native Blue Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Crops

Téllez¹,

López²,

Aragón‐García³

et al. 2016

AJPS

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Raw and treated "nejayote" were assessed as foliar and edaphic fertilisers for native blue maize (Zea mays L.) crops in the municipality of Amozoc de Mota, Puebla, Mexico, during the 2015 agricultural cycle. Treated nejayote refers to raw nejayote subjected to a coagulation-flocculation process. Two states of nejayote were established (raw and treated nejayote) with different physicochemical properties. Foliar bio-fertilisers were prepared from raw and treated nejayote and mixed with organic matter (OM) to promote a fermentation process. The foliar treatments used were: BNC5, BNC15, BNC30 (raw nejayote-based bio-fertiliser at 5%, 15%, and 30%), BNCQ5, and NCQ30 (nejayote treated by chemical coagulation at 5% and 30%), with BT as a control (traditional bio-fertiliser). The edaphic treatments used were: NC50, NC75, and NC100 (raw nejayote at 50%, 75%, 100%), with AP as a control (drinking water), thus giving rise to 10 treatments in terms of content of raw or treated nejayote. Foliar and edaphic field treatments applied to native blue maize crops were statistically assessed using the following response variables: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, and grain yield. The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with five replications of each treatment. The results obtained showed, that foliar or edaphic application at the different stages of development did not produce statistically significant differences, at P ≤ 0.05, in terms of response variables. The most significant effects occurred at the early stage of plant development and were mainly reflected in the stem diameter with foliar treatment NCQ30 and in the number of leaves with foliar treatment BNC5. At the final stage of crop development, the highest yield (0.639 ± 0.121 t•ha −1 ) was obtained with treatment BNC5, which produced a statistically significant difference (b) in relation to the rest of the foliar and edaphic treatments (Tukey P ≤ 0.05).

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Effect of mechanical perturbation on the biomechanics, primary growth and secondary tissue development of inflorescence stems of Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 58 publications

References 46 publications

Vascular Cambium Development

Vascular Cambium Development

Arabidopsis DEFECTIVE KERNEL1 regulates cell wall composition and axial growth in the inflorescence stem

Application of Nejayote as a Foliar and Edaphic Fertiliser to Native Blue Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Crops

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Effect of mechanical perturbation on the biomechanics, primary growth and secondary tissue development of inflorescence stems of Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 58 publications

References 46 publications

Vascular Cambium Development

Vascular Cambium Development

Arabidopsis DEFECTIVE KERNEL1 regulates cell wall composition and axial growth in the inflorescence stem

Application of Nejayote as a Foliar and Edaphic Fertiliser to Native Blue Maize (&lt;i&gt;Zea mays&lt;/i&gt; L.) Crops

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Product

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Application of Nejayote as a Foliar and Edaphic Fertiliser to Native Blue Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) Crops