Effect of Mean Water Level Variations on the Design and Performance of Rubble-Mound Coastal Protection Structures

Abstract

Effect of Mean Water Level Variations on the Design and Performance of Rubble-Mound Coastal Protection StructuresVariations in mean water level such as tides, seasonal variations, wave set-up/set-down, storm surge and sea level rise due to global warming are directly related to design and performance evaluation of rubble-mound coastal structures. The highest water level is generally considered as the most critical water level for this type of structures. However, Coastal Structures Planning and Design Manual [1] states that the most critical water level can be observed in between the lowest water level and the highest water level. In this study, the effects of different approaches used in selecting design water level on the mass of the armor stone and the free crest height are investigated. Three project sites are selected in the Black Sea, Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, and the mass of armor stones and the free crest height are calculated at each water level that might be observed during the economic lifetime of these structures. For the selected projects, up to 60% of bigger mass of armor stones are found at lower water levels compared to higher water levels. The results of this study examplifies that the most critical water level can be observed in between the lowest water level and highest water level. In addition, the relation of the most critical water level and the calculation methods of the mass of armor stones are discussed, and it is suggested to assess all the water levels that might occur during the economic life of the structure.

Investigation of Atmospheric Disasters with Sentinel-2: Antalya Province 13.11.2017 Waterspout Event and Damage Estimation by Remote Sensing

“…Lambropoulou ve Antoniou (2016) tarafından yapılan çalışmada bir doğa olayı olarak tornadoların (hortumların) oluşma süreçleri dinamikleri ile anlatılmıştır [28]. Türkiye'de de Muğla ili Sarıgerme köyünde 2013 yılında [29], Adana İli Karataş'ta 2017 yılında [30], Ankara İli Çubuk İlçesinde Sünlü Köyü çevresinde 2004 yılında [31], Bodrum'da 2018 yılında [32] gerçekleşen hortum olayları bilimsel araştırmalarla değerlendirilmiştir. Türkeş (2021) tarafından yapılan çalışmada, Türkiye'de meydan gelen hortum olaylarının alansal dağılış deseni verilmiştir [33].…”