Effect of meal viscosity and nutrients on satiety, intragastric dilution, and emptying assessed by MRI

Marciani, Luca; Gowland, Penny; Spiller, Robin C.; Manoj, Pretima; Moore, Rachel J.; Young, Paul; Fillery-Travis, Annette

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.2001.280.6.g1227

Cited by 436 publications

(362 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Increased viscosity has been shown to be associated with increased sensations of satiety and reduced food intake (Hoad et al, 2004;Marciani et al, 2000;Marciani et al, 2001;Mattes & Rothacker, 2001). However, the relationship between viscosity and satiety has been studied primarily using beverages, and few data exist to suggest that varying the viscosity of soup can influence satiety and food intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soup preloads in a variety of forms reduce meal energy intake

Flood

Rolls

2007

Appetite

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soup preloads in a variety of forms reduce meal energy intake

Flood

Rolls

2007

Appetite

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“…MRI has the potential to become an overall test to measure gastric emptying, volume change, and wall motion as a surrogate of contractile activity without radiation exposure (43,72,73,76,85,86,111). It also has the ability to separately assess the emptying of fat and water from the stomach (73).…”

Section: Other Technologies For Gastric Emptyingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for measurement of gastric motility

Szarka¹,

Camilleri²

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

102

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Szarka LA, Camilleri M. Methods for measurement of gastric motility. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 296: G461-G475, 2009. First published January 15, 2009 doi:10.1152/ajpgi.90467.2008There is an array of tests available to measure gastric motility. Some tests measure end points, such as gastric emptying, that result from several different functions, whereas other tests are more specific and test only a single parameter, such as contractility. This article reviews the tests most commonly available in practice and research to evaluate in vivo the gastric functions of emptying, accommodation, contractility, and myoelectrical activity. The rationale for testing, the relative strengths and weaknesses of each test, and technical details are summarized. We also briefly indicate the applications and validations of the tests for use in experimental animal studies. contractility; emptying; accommodation; gastroparesis; dyspepsia ASSESSMENT OF THE MOTOR FUNCTIONS (motility) of the stomach is important in studies of gastric physiology and pathophysiology. Although not generally applied in gastroenterological practice, there is increasing use of tests to evaluate gastric function, particularly less invasive tests in clinical settings.There is an array of tests available to measure gastric motility. Some tests measure end points, such as gastric emptying, that result from several different functions, whereas other tests are more specific and test only a single parameter, such as contractility. This article reviews the tests most commonly available in practice and research to evaluate in vivo the gastric functions of emptying, accommodation, contractility, and myoelectrical activity. The rationale for testing, the relative strengths and weaknesses of each test, and technical details are summarized. A brief discussion is also provided for methods that have been used in animals to study motor functions of the stomach in animals. Tests to Evaluate Gastric Emptying of SolidsGastric emptying is a composite end point reflecting a variety of functions including gastric accommodation, the pressure gradient between the proximal and distal stomach, and antropyloroduodenal contractility and coordination. The trituration of solids and emptying of solid and liquid food from the stomach are arguably the most important physiological functions of the stomach. Abnormal gastric emptying, either accelerated at 1 h or delayed at 4 h, is among the factors that contribute to reporting of dyspepsia or the development of postprandial symptoms after meal challenge (35). For all tests of gastric motility and emptying, there are standard precautions (1): 1) Drugs affecting gastric motility (e.g., anticholinergics, narcotics, and prokinetics) are stopped for 48 h prior to the test, and the study is performed in the morning after an overnight fast. 2) Diabetic subjects should have a glucose level Ͻ275 mg/dl. 3) At the time the meal is ingested, Type 1 diabetic patients should receive half of their normal insulin dose. Gastric Emptying Scintigrap...

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“…The maximum and minimum gallbladder volumes allow easy estimates of gallbladder contraction (11). Importantly, by knowing meal energy density from measuring meal dilution by MRI (15,16), it would also be possible to estimate calories delivered to the duodenum and also correlate this to gallbladder coordination, in a fashion similar to Fig. 4.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of gallbladder and gastric coordination by EPI

Marciani

Bush²,

Wright

et al. 2004

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose: To assess for the first time the potential of echoplanar magnetic resonance imaging (EPI) for measuring simultaneously both gallbladder and gastric emptying. Materials and Methods:Eight healthy subjects ingested 500 mL of an acid-stable liquid test meal containing 15% olive oil and flavoring. Every 20 minutes for three hours thereafter, a rapid EPI multislice set was acquired across the whole abdomen, using a dedicated whole-body 0.5-T EPI scanner. Results:The bile in the gallbladder and the test meal in the stomach appeared bright in the EPI images, aiding localization and region of interest analysis. We measured the gallbladder emptying curve and fitted the data to a simple analytical model. The mean fasted gallbladder volume was 25 Ϯ 4 mL, comparable to previously published MRI and ultrasound values. Gastric emptying data fitted well to a linear model linear (R 2 ϭ 0.99), and we observed an exponential (R 2 ϭ 0.98) relationship between gallbladder and gastric volumes for the first 90 minutes. Conclusion:This study shows the potential of EPI to monitor simultaneously and noninvasively the emptying of the gallbladder and of the gastric lumen. No contrast enhancing agents are needed. This method could overcome the limitations of previous gamma scintigraphy and ultrasound techniques.

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Effect of meal viscosity and nutrients on satiety, intragastric dilution, and emptying assessed by MRI

Cited by 436 publications

References 28 publications

Soup preloads in a variety of forms reduce meal energy intake

Soup preloads in a variety of forms reduce meal energy intake

Methods for measurement of gastric motility

Monitoring of gallbladder and gastric coordination by EPI

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