Effect of mangiferin on radiation-induced micronucleus formation in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes

Abstract

Irradiation causes a variety of lesions in important biomolecules of the cell through generation of free radicals leading to genomic instability. DNA strand breaks, acentric fragments, or defective kinetochores are manifested as micronuclei after the first cell division. Chemicals that can trap free radicals may reduce the deleterious effects of ionizing radiation. Mangiferin (MGN), a glucosylxanthone derived from Mangifera indica (mango), was investigated for its ability to reduce the frequency of radiation-induced micronucleated binucleate cells (MNBNCs) in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBLs). HPBL cultures were pretreated with 0, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 microg/ml of MGN for 30 min before exposure to 3 Gy of (60)Co gamma-radiation. The maximum decline in radiation-induced micronuclei was observed at a concentration of 50 microg/ml MGN; thereafter, a nonsignificant elevation in MNBNC frequency was observed at 100 microg/ml MGN. Since the lowest MNBNC frequency was observed for 50 microg/ml MGN, dose-response studies were undertaken using this concentration. Irradiation of HPBLs with 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 Gy of gamma-radiation caused a dose-dependent elevation in the MNBNC frequency, while treatment of HPBLs with 50 microg/ml MGN 30 min before radiation resulted in significant declines in these frequencies. MGN alone did not alter the proliferation index. Irradiation caused a dose-dependent decline in the proliferation index, while treatment of HPBLs with 50 micro/ml MGN significantly elevated the proliferation index in irradiated cells. MGN treatment reduced hydrogen peroxide-induced lipid peroxidation in HPBLs in a concentration-dependent fashion. In cell-free studies, MGN inhibited the induction of (.)OH (hydroxyl), O(2) (.-) (superoxide), DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), and ABTS(.+) (2,2-azino-bis-3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radicals in a dose-dependent manner. The results of this study indicate that MGN possesses radioprotective properties by suppressing the effects of free radicals.

Protective Effects of Mangifera indica L. Extract Against Lipofundininduced Oxidative Stress in Rats

“…Jagieta and Venkatesha demonstrated that mangiferin scavenges ROS and protects against ultraviolet irradiation-induced OS [27]. Also, Nair and Devi showed that mangiferin has hypolipidemic properties [28]. Although we did not determined the effects of mango extract on serum lipid profiles, even though we have previously shown that Lipofundin induces hyperlipidemia and subse- quently OS [17].…”

Evaluation of Radioprotective Effects of Propolis and Quercetin on Human White Blood Cells in Vitro

“…Some of them also reported dose-dependent radioprotective effect. 23,[53][54][55][56][57][58][59] In this study we used the CBMN assay simultaneously with criteria for scoring as suggested by Fenech et al 22) and also obtained interesting results. EEP and quercetin did not cause significant formation of MN, NB and NPB in non-irradiated samples as compared to negative control.…”

Inhibition of Radiation-Induced DNA Damage by Jamun, Syzygium cumini, in the Cultured Splenocytes of Mice Exposed to Different Doses of γ-Radiation

“…23 Likewise, plant polyphenols such as naringin and mangiferin have been reported to protect mice and HPBLs against radiation-induced MN formation. 43,47 Certain other plant flavonoids, such as luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, morin, rutin, fisetin, myricetin, epicatechin, genistein, eridictyol, phloretin, naringin, and hesperidin have been found to protect mice bone marrow cells against the radiation-induced micronuclei. 47,54,55 SCE not only protected against the formation of BNC with 1 MN but also with 2 or multiple MNs in the cultured splenocytes after exposure to different doses of γ-radiation, indicating that SCE could efficiently protect complex multiple sites of DNA damage.…”