Effect of Maleic Anhydride Content and Ethanol Dilution on the Polymerization of Furfuryl Alcohol in Wood Veneer Studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Herold, Nadine; Dietrich, Tobias; Grigsby, Warren J.; Franich, Robert A.; Winkler, Anja; Buchelt, Beate; Pfriem, Alexander

doi:10.15376/biores.8.1.1064-1075

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…FA absorption into the oven dried wood specimens had an induction period of FA absorption that might be caused by trapped air and wood swelling in FA. Absence of wood swelling in the neat FA in comparison with different concentration MA solution in FA was observed by Herold, et al [21]. In general FA absorption in the oven-dried wood after the induction period was faster and absorbed FA mass was higher than of wood with EMC (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Wood modification with furfuryl alcohol and furfurylated wood durability in water

Morozovs

Ķeķe

Fisere

et al. 2018

Engineering for Rural Development

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Abstract. Wood is renewable stock that is used for shield, heating and defence since the times men emerged. Wood product dimensional alterations are a serious drawback in the wood practical applications. These alterations are caused by atmospheric moisture absorbance into wood and water interaction with hemicelluloses and cellulose amorphous part hydroxyl groups to entail wood swelling or shrinking in the case of wood drying that leads to wood products cracking and properties loss. It is assumed that the accessible to water hydroxyl group's hydrogen atom substitution with more voluminous and less polar organic radical arouse wood permanent swelling or hydroxyl group shielding. Modified wood has less water absorption and diminished water equilibrium content (EMC) that is considered as the main reason of biological resistance improvement. Wood furfurylation with furfuryl alcohol (FA) catalysed with maleic anhydride (MA) is one of the wood modification approaches. Wood dimensional stability and biological resistance to decay increase by modification with furfuryl alcohol FA is assumed as a result of FA polymers grafting to cell wall polymers. Sufficient amount of FA must be infused into wood cell walls, but FA diffusion into the wood cell wall might be hampered by formation of more voluminous π-complex between MA and FA that favour useless polymerisation in wood voids and increased FA and MA consumption. The objective of the given research was to attain maximal modification of the wood cell wall by saturation with FA and subsequent its polymerization by catalysis with formic acid vapour. Assessment of furfurylated and reference wood specimens durability in hot water -freezing -drying treatment was tested by the cyclic hydrothermal treatment (CHT) test. Wood furfurylation decreased water absorption by 80 % and swelling by 40 % during CHT in comparison with untreated wood.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Wood modification with furfuryl alcohol and furfurylated wood durability in water

Morozovs

Ķeķe

Fisere

et al. 2018

Engineering for Rural Development

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“…Most of the studies focused on enzymatic activity were conducted in top horizons, because of the high microbial biomass concentration (Herold et al 2013). The presented results show a comparison between the basal PME and its change after salicylic acid addition, and proved a negative effect of the salicylic acid addition on the enzymatic activity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Acid phosphomonoesterase activity as affected by salicylic acid and its relation to selected biochemical characteristics in soils of Norway spruce stands

Kočvarová¹,

Pecháček²,

Rejšek³

et al. 2015

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The main aim of the study was to determine extracellular acid phosphomonoesterase activity in soil with and without addition of salicylic acid. Some other important chemical and physical features of soil were also investigated including the content and seasonal dynamics of bioavailable phosphorus and water soluble carbohydrate contents. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 5 cm (H horizon) at the Rájec-Němčice Ecosystem Station (southern Moravia, Czech Republic) in three differently managed Norway spruce pure stands. No correlation was found between the acid phosphomonoesterase activity and phosphorus content. The addition of salicylic acid reduced the acid phosphomonoesterase activity compared to soil without any substrate added.

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“…Based on the thermodynamics, the curing schedule by PTSA catalyst was determined. Figure S5(f) shows two large exothermic peaks at 110 and 140°C, which indicates two separate exothermic reactions, namely, linear chain extension (the first peak) and 3D network formation (the second peak) 46 . Drastic curing causes bubbling of the H 2 O and formaldehyde that the polycondensation of the furan resin inevitably generates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The activation of furfuryl alcohol polymerization by oxygen and its enhanced mechanical properties

Shibutani

Nakai

Aphichartsuphapkhajorn

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The effect of oxygen and additional oxygen providers on furfuryl alcohol polymerization was investigated through chemical analyses and mechanical evaluation. NMR, UV–vis, Fourier transform infrared, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) results suggested that atmospheric oxygen and the further addition of an oxygen source functioned as an activator for the entire network polymerization. Interestingly, the construction of a conjugated structure on the furan linear chain, which is key to three‐dimensional cross‐linking, also appears to be accelerated in the presence of oxygen. Furthermore, the introduction of oxygen providers into the curing system successfully enhanced the mechanical properties of the cured furan resin.

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Effect of Maleic Anhydride Content and Ethanol Dilution on the Polymerization of Furfuryl Alcohol in Wood Veneer Studied by Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

Wood modification with furfuryl alcohol and furfurylated wood durability in water

Wood modification with furfuryl alcohol and furfurylated wood durability in water

Acid phosphomonoesterase activity as affected by salicylic acid and its relation to selected biochemical characteristics in soils of Norway spruce stands

The activation of furfuryl alcohol polymerization by oxygen and its enhanced mechanical properties

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