Effect of Male Parent and Application of Boric Acid on Embryo Rescue in Some Seedless Grapevine (Vitis Vinifera) Cultivars

Embryo rescue technique and its applications for seedless breeding in grape

“…Specifically, more embryos were produced when a seeded cultivar or a seedless cultivar which has large abortive seeds was used as male parent, compared to the results obtained from two seedless cultivars which have very small abortive seeds (Cain et al 1983). It is well known however, that both female and male parent genotypes can have great impact on the capacity for embryo formation, embryo germination and plant development in the context of grape embryo rescue (Ebadi et al 2004;Garcia et al 2000;Gray et al 1990;Ji et al 2013b;Li et al 2013;Liu et al 2008;Qi and Ding 2002;Spiegel-Roy et al 1985. In one report it was found that, using identical conditions, the rates of embryo germination and seedling formation obtained from ovule culture were much higher when Flame Seedless was used as female parent than when Perlette or Sultanina were used as female parents (Spiegel-Roy et al 1985).…”

“…In one report it was found that, using identical conditions, the rates of embryo germination and seedling formation obtained from ovule culture were much higher when Flame Seedless was used as female parent than when Perlette or Sultanina were used as female parents (Spiegel-Roy et al 1985). While the identity of the male parent can significantly influence both embryo and plant recovery at certain sampling times (Gray et al 1990) as well as affect both ovule blackening and ovule germination (Ebadi et al 2004), it does not influence callus formation of the ovule, ovule growth or ovule collapse (Ebadi et al 2004). Furthermore, the effects of seeded male parents were reported to be different in crosses with different female parents (Ebadi et al 2004).…”

“…While the identity of the male parent can significantly influence both embryo and plant recovery at certain sampling times (Gray et al 1990) as well as affect both ovule blackening and ovule germination (Ebadi et al 2004), it does not influence callus formation of the ovule, ovule growth or ovule collapse (Ebadi et al 2004). Furthermore, the effects of seeded male parents were reported to be different in crosses with different female parents (Ebadi et al 2004). Recently, Ji et al (2013b) obtained seven hybrids from 12 cross-combinations and the production of hybrid plants ranged from 23 % (Ruby Seedless 9 Black Olympia) to only 1 % (Pink Seedless 9 Beichun).…”

“…In the case of grape, the most widely used are casein hydrolysate (Liu Cain et al (1983), Guo et al (2011b), Ramming and Emershad (1982), Ramming et al (1990a) and Murashige and Skoog medium (1962) Amaral et al (2001), Cain et al (1983), Celik and Ilbay (2003), Fernandez et al (1991), Guo et al (2004Guo et al ( , 2011b, Okamoto et al (1993), Roichev et al (2007), Singh et al ( , 2011 Yamashita et al (1995Yamashita et al ( , 1998 and B5 medium ( Nitsch and Nitsch medium (1969) Agüero et al (1995Agüero et al ( , 2000, Burger and Goussard (1996), Ebadi et al (2004), Gray (1992), Gray et al (1990), Gribaudo et al (1993), Guo et al (2004), Hiramatsu et al (2003), Liu et al (2003), Park et al (1999), Ponce et al (2002b), Qi and Ding (2002), Singh et al ( , 2011, Sun et al (2011), Tsolova and Atanassov (1994), Tsolova (1990), Valdez (2005), Valdez and Ulanovsky (1997) and Yang et al (2007) Burger and Goussard (1996) and Tsolova and Atanassov (1994) Smith's medium (1969) …”

“…In general, there are two different types of cross combinations that are widely used for in ovulo embryo rescue and that have given satisfactory results: seedless 9 seeded (Bharathy et al 2003;Cain et al 1983;Carreno et al 2009;Ebadi et al 2004;Ji and Wang 2013;Liu et al 2008; Stenospermocarpic grapes Seedless 9 seeded; seedless 9 seedless Cain et al (1983) Stenospermocarpic grapes Emershad and Ramming (1984) Seedless 9 seedless Bouquet and Davis (1989) Stenospermocarpic grapes Emershad et al (1989) Stenospermocarpic grapes Seedless 9 seedless Gray et al (1990) Stenospermocarpic grapes, early ripening grapes Ramming (1990) Early ripening grapes Ramming et al (1990a) Seedless 9 seedless Ramming et al (1990b) Stenospermocarpic grapes Seedless 9 seedless Spiegel-Roy et al (1990) Seedless 9 seedless Tsolova (1990) Stenospermocarpic grapes Brar et al (1991) Seedless 9 seedless Fernandez et al (1991) Stenospermocarpic grapes Seedless 9 seedless Vitis vinifera 9 V. labrusca Ramming et al (1991) Muscadine grapes Gray (1992) Stenospermocarpic grapes Stenospermocarpic grapes Muscadine grapes Gray and Hanger (1993) Stenospermocarpic grapes Gribaudo et al (1993) 2X 9 4X; 4X 9 2X Okamoto et al (1993) 2X 9 4X; 4X 9 2X Yamashita et al (1993) Stenospermocarpic grapes Bordelon and Moore (1994) Seedless 9 seedless Emershad and Ramming (1994) Stenospermocarpic grapes Tsolova and Atanassov (1994) Stenospermocarpic grapes Agüero et al (1995) Stenospermocarpic grapes Pommer et al (1995) 4X 9 2X Yamashita et al (1995) Stenospermocarpic grapes Burger and Goussard (1996) Seedless 9 seedless Valdez and Ulanovsky (1997) 2X 9 4X; 4X 9 2X Yamashita et al (1998) St...…”