Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Inflammatory Parameters: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Veronese, Nicola; Pizzol, Damiano; Smith, Lee; Domínguez, Ligia J.; Barbagallo, Mario

doi:10.3390/nu14030679

Cited by 38 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Although studies suggest that magnesium have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, 3 , 13 , 20 , 21 to the best of our knowledge, there is only one study of the anti-edematous effect of magnesium in inflammation, and our results are in agreement with Nagai et al, 10 who showed that preventive systemic administration of magnesium (Mg 2+ 10–200 mg/L) reduced edema in experimental mycobacteria-induced arthritis. There are, however, some differences between our studies: the type of inflammation (acute vs chronic), the choice of inflammatory substances (carrageenan vs Mycobacterium butyricum ), administration of magnesium (s.c. and single administration and per os via drinking water, repeated daily for 42 days), evaluation of dose-dependent vs dose-independent effects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Magnesium Sulfate Reduces Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Inflammatory Edema Via Nitric Oxide Production

et al. 2023

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Background Magnesium is an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. This study aimed to investigate the anti-edematous effect of magnesium sulfate (MS) in different protocols of use and the possible mechanism of its action. Methods In a rat model of carrageenan-induced paw inflammation, the anti-edematous activity of MS was assessed with a plethysmometer. The effects of the nonselective inhibitor (L-NAME), selective inhibitor of neuronal (L-NPA) and inducible (SMT) nitric oxide synthase on the effects of MS were evaluated. Results MS administered systemically before or after inflammation reduced edema by 30% (5 mg/kg, P < .05) and 55% (30 mg/kg, P < .05). MS administered locally (.5 mg/paw, P < .05) significantly prevented the development of inflammatory edema by 60%. L-NAME, intraperitoneally administered before MS, potentiated (5 mg/kg, P < .05) or reduced (3 mg/kg, P < .05), while in the highest tested dose L-NPA (2 mg/kg, P < .01) and SMT (.015 mg/kg, P < .01) reduced the anti-edematous effect of MS. Conclusions Magnesium is a more effective anti-edematous drug in therapy than for preventing inflammatory edema. The effect of MS is achieved after systemic and local peripheral administration and when MS is administered as a single drug in a single dose. This effect is mediated at least in part via the production of nitric oxide.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Magnesium Sulfate Reduces Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Inflammatory Edema Via Nitric Oxide Production

et al. 2023

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“…Another meta-analysis of RCTs indicated that magnesium supplementation reduced CRP levels among individuals with inflammation (CRP levels > 3 mg/dL) [ 35 ]. A most recent meta-analysis also showed that magnesium supplementation significantly decreased CRP [ 36 ]. A RCT among diabetic patients showed that magnesium supplementation significantly decreased IL-6 levels, which is another key inflammatory marker [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Intake, C-Reactive Protein, and Muscle Mass in Adolescents

et al. 2022

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Background: Adult studies have suggested that magnesium intake may regulate C-reactive protein (CRP) and muscle mass, known risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases. Given the large deficiencies in magnesium intake in adolescents, we aimed to investigate sex and race differences in dietary magnesium intake and test the hypothesis that lower magnesium intake is associated with higher CRP and lower muscle mass. Methods: A total of 766 black and white adolescents, 14 to 18 years old (51% black; 50% female) were previously recruited. Diet was assessed with four to seven independent 24-h recalls. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. High-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP), leptin, resistin, and adiponectin were measured using fasting blood samples by ELISA. Results: There were sex and race differences in the daily consumption of magnesium. The average daily magnesium intakes were 200.66 ± 7.09 mg and 205.03 ± 7.05 mg for males and females, respectively, far below the recommended amounts of 410 mg for males and 360 mg for females. White subjects (217.95 ± 6.81 mg/day) consumed more than black subjects (187.75 ± 6.92 mg/day). Almost none of the adolescents met the recommendations. Adjusted multiple linear regressions revealed that lower magnesium intake was associated with higher hs-CRP and lower fat-free mass (FFM) (p-values < 0.05). Higher hs-CRP was associated with lower FFM. Moreover, an interaction between magnesium intake and hs-CRP on FFM was identified (p-value < 0.05). Lower magnesium intake amplified the inverse relationships between hs-CRP and FFM (p-values < 0.05). Conclusion: Magnesium consumption in our adolescents was far below daily recommended levels with male and black subjects consuming less than female and white subjects. Lower magnesium intake was associated with higher CRP and lower muscle mass. Low magnesium intake may also augment the inverse relationship between CRP and FFM.

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“…All these effects, in fact, might contribute to the reduction in the ventilation-perfusion mismatch, which is one of the most important reasons for hypoxemia in COVID-19, and to the improvement of oxygenation in these patients [ 87 ]. Additionally, because of the emerging role of mastocytes in driving diffuse alveolar injury in COVID-19 [ 88 ], it should be recalled that Mg may reduce mastocyte degranulation and, subsequently, prevent the release of inflammatory, pro-thrombotic and fibrotic mediators [ 89 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value of Magnesium in COVID-19: Findings from the COMEPA Study

et al. 2023

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Magnesium (Mg) plays a key role in infections. However, its role in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still underexplored, particularly in long-term sequelae. The aim of the present study was to examine the prognostic value of serum Mg levels in older people affected by COVID-19. Patients were divided into those with serum Mg levels ≤1.96 vs. >1.96 mg/dL, according to the Youden index. A total of 260 participants (mean age 65 years, 53.8% males) had valid Mg measurements. Serum Mg had a good accuracy in predicting in-hospital mortality (area under the curve = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.74–0.91). Low serum Mg at admission significantly predicted in-hospital death (HR = 1.29; 95% CI: 1.03–2.68) after adjusting for several confounders. A value of Mg ≤ 1.96 mg/dL was associated with a longer mean length of stay compared to those with a serum Mg > 1.96 (15.2 vs. 12.7 days). Low serum Mg was associated with a higher incidence of long COVID symptomatology (OR = 2.14; 95% CI: 1.30–4.31), particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (OR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.24–16.40). In conclusion, low serum Mg levels were significant predictors of mortality, length of stay, and onset of long COVID symptoms, indicating that measuring serum Mg in COVID-19 may be helpful in the prediction of complications related to the disease.

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Effect of Magnesium Supplementation on Inflammatory Parameters: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Cited by 38 publications

References 51 publications

Magnesium Sulfate Reduces Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Inflammatory Edema Via Nitric Oxide Production

Magnesium Sulfate Reduces Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Inflammatory Edema Via Nitric Oxide Production

Magnesium Intake, C-Reactive Protein, and Muscle Mass in Adolescents

Prognostic Value of Magnesium in COVID-19: Findings from the COMEPA Study

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