Effect of Magnesium Ions on Rat Pineal N‐Acetyltransferase (EC 2. 3 1.5) Activity

Morton, Dougal J.; James, Michael F.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-079x.1985.tb00718.x

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Mg 2+ activates N-acetyltransferase (Morton and James 1985), the velocity-regulating enzyme in melatonin secretion in the pineal gland. Thus the reported e¤ects of Mg 2+ on sleep may be mediated via an increase in melatonin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mg 2+ reduces ACTH secretion and enhances spindle power without changing delta power during sleep in men - possible therapeutic implications

Murck¹,

Steiger²

1998

Psychopharmacology

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Disturbances of Mg2+ metabolism have been reported in association with affective disorders, seizures in eclampsia, and alcohol withdrawal. Mg2+ has been reported to have N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-antagonistic and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-agonistic properties and modulation of GABA(A)- and NMDA-dependent systems is involved in pharmacological treatment of affective disorders and seizures. We studied the effect of Mg2+ on sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) and nocturnal hormonal secretion in men. Ten normal controls were given MgSO4 (3 g MgSO4 between 2030 hours and 2100 hours, followed by 0.5 g MgSO4 per hour until 0700 hours) or placebo i.v. according to a randomized schedule. The sleep EEG was recorded from 2300 hours to 0700 hours. Blood samples were taken from 2000 hours to 0700 hours for analysis of plasma corticotropin (ACTH), cortisol, growth hormone, prolactin and melatonin. The sleep-EEG power within the spindle frequency range (11.0-12.9 Hz) showed a significant increase in the third sleep cycle, but delta power was unchanged throughout the night. ACTH concentration was suppressed between 2200 hours and 0700 hours. No changes in cortisol, growth hormone prolactin or melatonin release were found. The findings are consistent with the assumption that Mg2+ has GABA(A)-agonistic or NMDA-antagonistic effects on sleep and nocturnal hormonal secretion and hence may be useful in controlling depressive symptoms and seizures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mg 2+ reduces ACTH secretion and enhances spindle power without changing delta power during sleep in men - possible therapeutic implications

Murck¹,

Steiger²

1998

Psychopharmacology

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“…Folate and B6 vitamin are supposed to boost the formation of serotonin from TRP as coenzymes. Zinc and magnesium, instead, are supposed to enhance the formation of melatonin from serotonin by binding to AANAT enzyme, thus activating it and increasing the affinity of serotonin for binding to AANAT (74, 75). In humans, the role of these vitamins and minerals is less well studied in this connection.…”

Section: Availability Of Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary factors and fluctuating levels of melatonin

Peuhkuri

Sihvola²,

Korpela³

2012

Food & Nutrition Research

143

107

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Melatonin is secreted principally by the pineal gland and mainly at nighttime. The primary physiological function is to convey information of the daily cycle of light and darkness to the body. In addition, it may have other health-related functions. Melatonin is synthesized from tryptophan, an essential dietary amino acid. It has been demonstrated that some nutritional factors, such as intake of vegetables, caffeine, and some vitamins and minerals, could modify melatonin production but with less intensity than light, the most dominant synchronizer of melatonin production. This review will focus on the nutritional factors apart from the intake of tryptophan that affect melatonin levels in humans. Overall, foods containing melatonin or promoting the synthesis of it by impacting the availability of tryptophan, as well those containing vitamins and minerals which are needed as co-factors and activators in the synthesis of melatonin, may modulate the levels of melatonin. Even so, the influence of daytime diet on the synthesis of nocturnal melatonin is limited, however, the influence of the diet seems to be more obvious on the daytime levels.

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“…The relationship between cations and the pineal gland remains vague, although numerous reports have indicated that some form of interaction may exist [Cardinali et al, 1979;Cunnane et al, 1979Cunnane et al, , 1980Morton and James, 1985;Piechowiak and Schnizer, 1976;Vacas and Cardinali, 1980;Wilkinson, 1978;Wong and Fritze, 1969;Zatz and Romero, 19781. Melatonin synthesis has been shown to be dependent on calcium ions [Wilkinson, 1978;Zatz and Romero, 19781; a recent report indicates that magnesium may also influence melatonin production [Morton and James, 19851, and the pineal gland has also been reported to be involved together with zinc ions in the modulation of pressor responses [Cunnane et al, 1979, 19801.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of Inhibition of Bovine Pineal Gland Hydroxyindole‐O‐Methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.4) by Divalent Cations

Morton

1987

Journal of Pineal Research

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The effect of inhibitory cations on hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (HIOMT) was investigated in order to elucidate the mechanisms involved. Copper inhibition of HIOMT can be classified as partial, classic noncompetitive inhibition with respect to S-adenosyl methionine and as partial, mixed noncompetitive inhibition with respect to N-acetylserotonin. Binding of copper to the enzyme impaired but did not prevent catalysis, and the difference in inhibitory pattern observed with both substrates may be due to the obligatory order of substrate binding to HIOMT. Calcium and magnesium were uncompetitive inhibitors of HIOMT with respect to both substrates and binding of these cations to the enzyme prevents catalysis. The cations presumably bind to HIOMT in the vicinity of the catalytic site and in some way prevent or impair the catalytic process, possibly by interfering with substrate binding to the enzyme, interfering with methyl transfer or product release after catalysis, or a combination of these effects. The different inhibitory patterns observed may result from differences in molecular size or outer electron shell valence of the cations.

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Effect of Magnesium Ions on Rat Pineal N‐Acetyltransferase (EC 2. 3 1.5) Activity

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Mg 2+ reduces ACTH secretion and enhances spindle power without changing delta power during sleep in men - possible therapeutic implications

Mg 2+ reduces ACTH secretion and enhances spindle power without changing delta power during sleep in men - possible therapeutic implications

Dietary factors and fluctuating levels of melatonin

Mechanism of Inhibition of Bovine Pineal Gland Hydroxyindole‐O‐Methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.4) by Divalent Cations

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