Effect of lymphatic cannula outflow height on lung microvascular permeability estimations

Laine, Glen A.; Drake, Robert E.; Zavisca, Frank; Gabel, Joseph C.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1984.57.5.1412

Cited by 18 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Partial occlusion of the coronary sinus resulted in a 5.6 Ϯ 0.7 (SD)-fold increase in lymph flow. These data were not further analyzed because the magnitude of both lymph flow and the change in lymph flow are affected by cannula height (5). Sinus occlusion caused no significant change in COP or protein concentrations in plasma but caused significant decreases in COP and concentrations of total protein, albumin, and ␤-lipoprotein in lymph ( Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A clearer understanding of the relative importance of protein washdown as an antiedema mechanism can be gained by using the evaluation method described by Taylor (20), where the response of each protective mechanism to an edematogenic stress is calculated in terms of transmicrovascular pressure gradient. We performed this analysis using the following assumptions: the myocardial microvascular reflection coefficient was equal to one, and the observed increase in lymph flow was representative of the actual physiological response with the understanding that the magnitude of the lymph flow increase through a cannulated lymphatic vessel is dependent on the height of the outflow cannula (5). Furthermore, we modified Taylor's approach to include the change in epicardial transudation as well as myocardial lymph flow in the estimation of steady-state microvascular filtration (18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protein washdown as a defense mechanism against myocardial edema

Stewart

Geissler

Allen

et al. 2000

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Myocardial edema occurs in many pathological conditions. We hypothesized that protein washdown at the myocardial microvascular exchange barrier would change the distribution of interstitial proteins from large to small molecules and diminish the effect of washdown on the colloid osmotic pressure (COP) of interstitial fluid and lymph. Dogs were instrumented with coronary sinus balloon-tipped catheters and myocardial lymphatic cannulas to manipulate myocardial lymph flow and to collect lymph. Myocardial venous pressure was elevated by balloon inflation to increase transmicrovascular fluid flux and myocardial lymph flow. COP of lymph was measured directly and was also calculated from protein concentration. Decreases occurred in both protein concentration and COP of lymph. The proportion of lymph protein accounted for by albumin increased significantly, whereas that accounted for by beta-lipoprotein decreased significantly. The change in the calculated plasma-to-lymph COP gradient was significantly greater than the change in the measured COP gradient. We conclude that the change in the distribution of interstitial fluid protein species decreases the effect of protein washdown on interstitial fluid COP and limits its effectiveness as a defense mechanism against myocardial edema formation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein washdown as a defense mechanism against myocardial edema

Stewart

Geissler

Allen

et al. 2000

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…They are therefore empirical (descriptive) parameters (15). To date, R L and P p have been used to describe lymphatic function in a number of organs (16,18,20,43,45) but have yet to be assigned particular physiological interpretations. Much like K f , a black box parameter relating hydrostatic and colloid osmotic pressure gradients to microvascular filtration and C, a black box parameter relating interstitial fluid R655 EDEMAGENIC GAIN AJP-Regul Integr Comp Physiol • VOL 294 • FEBRUARY 2008 • www.ajpregu.org volume to pressure, R L and P p are similar black box parameters, which relate lymphatic outflow to interstitial fluid pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Edemagenic gain and interstitial fluid volume regulation

Dongaonkar

Quick²,

Stewart³

et al. 2008

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Under physiological conditions, interstitial fluid volume is tightly regulated by balancing microvascular filtration and lymphatic return to the central venous circulation. Even though microvascular filtration and lymphatic return are governed by conservation of mass, their interaction can result in exceedingly complex behavior. Without making simplifying assumptions, investigators must solve the fluid balance equations numerically, which limits the generality of the results. We thus made critical simplifying assumptions to develop a simple solution to the standard fluid balance equations that is expressed as an algebraic formula. Using a classical approach to describe systems with negative feedback, we formulated our solution as a "gain" relating the change in interstitial fluid volume to a change in effective microvascular driving pressure. The resulting "edemagenic gain" is a function of microvascular filtration coefficient (K(f)), effective lymphatic resistance (R(L)), and interstitial compliance (C). This formulation suggests two types of gain: "multivariate" dependent on C, R(L), and K(f), and "compliance-dominated" approximately equal to C. The latter forms a basis of a novel method to estimate C without measuring interstitial fluid pressure. Data from ovine experiments illustrate how edemagenic gain is altered with pulmonary edema induced by venous hypertension, histamine, and endotoxin. Reformulation of the classical equations governing fluid balance in terms of edemagenic gain thus yields new insight into the factors affecting an organ's susceptibility to edema.

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Peripheral vascular permeability following a thermal injury to the airway

et al. 1991

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Effects of thermal injury to the airway on the vascular permeability in the region of head and neck, were studied in the canine models. The thermal airway injury was produced by an inhalation of a gas burner's flame through the metallic tracheostomy cannula. The changes in vascular permeability were evaluated by calculating the reflection coefficient, which was obtained by the protein washdown technique into lymph. The reflection coefficient after the flame inhalation did not show any increases, while it increased significantly after a histamine infusion into the carotic artery. We concluded, that the vascular permeability in the unburned area does not increase at least in the first 3 hr after a thermal injury to the airway.

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Effect of lymphatic cannula outflow height on lung microvascular permeability estimations

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Protein washdown as a defense mechanism against myocardial edema

Protein washdown as a defense mechanism against myocardial edema

Edemagenic gain and interstitial fluid volume regulation

Peripheral vascular permeability following a thermal injury to the airway

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