Effect of low-temperature aging on the safety performance of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical abuse condition: A comprehensive experimental investigation

Yuan-jie, Liu; Xia, Yong; Zhou, Qing

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2021.05.022

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…69 Liu et al reported the mechanical abuse (25 mm indenter diameter) of 25 Ah NMC/graphite pouch cells aged by 0 °C cycling to 90%, 80%, and 70% remaining capacity. 70 Similar to Kovachev et al, the authors showed an increase in applied force to trigger the short circuit and higher displacement values for the aged cells. Differing from the observations of Kovachev et al, the aged cells displayed a rapid voltage decay compared to the fresh cells.…”

Section: Current Statussupporting

confidence: 66%

Perspective—On the Safety of Aged Lithium-Ion Batteries

Preger

Torres-Castro

Rauhala

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Concerns about the safety of lithium-ion batteries have motivated numerous studies on the response of fresh cells to abusive, off-nominal conditions, but studies on aged cells are relatively rare. Here we consider all open literature on the thermal, electrical, and mechanical abuse response of aged lithium-ion cells and modules to identify critical changes in their behavior relative to fresh cells. We outline data gaps in aged cell safety, including electrical and mechanical testing, and module-level experiments. Understanding how the abuse response of aged cells differs from fresh cells will enable the design of more effective energy storage failure mitigation systems.

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Section: Current Statussupporting

confidence: 66%

Perspective—On the Safety of Aged Lithium-Ion Batteries

Preger

Torres-Castro

Rauhala

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…20 The state of charge (SOH) was considered as a governing factor that influences the electrochemical behaviors of batteries as well, and the difference of mechanical behavior between fresh and aged cells was also explored. [21][22][23] Right-shifted force-displacement curves for aged pouch cells were reported by both Liu et al 21 and Kovachev et al 24 At component level, the mechanical behavior was investigated as well, which strongly supported explanation of mechanisms in deformation and failure of cells. [25][26][27][28][29] Therefore, it can be seen that most of the current studies related to mechanical behavior of cells focused on influence of different mechanical loading conditions and electrical states.…”

mentioning

confidence: 53%

“…46 The capacity of a fresh cell was determined by performing standard charging-discharging cycles at 25 °C before aging. The aging protocol and equipment used in the present study are the same as those in Liu et al, 21 where the C-rate at the constant current (CC) stage is 0.8 C, the boundaries of the constant voltage (CV) stage are 2.8 V and 4.2 V, and the rest time between charging and discharging is 30 min.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Dependence in Responses of Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells Under Mechanical Abuse

Chen

Xia

2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Unveiling the role of environmental temperature in the overall response of lithium-ion batteries under mechanical abuse and the underlying mechanism is necessary for comprehensively assessing crash safety of electric cars. In this study, both fresh samples and aged samples of a pouch-type battery cell are subjected to hemispherical indentation test at five different temperatures. Mechanical-electrical-thermal responses of all the cases are analyzed and compared. The mechanical response data indicate that higher temperature tends to lower the stiffness and the peak force of the cell under indentation. Component level tests focusing on tensile and compression behavior of electrodes are carried out to help in understanding the dominant mechanism. Regarding electrochemical activity of electrodes, an argon-protected testing method is developed to keep the electrode samples from air exposure so as to inspect the mechanical properties as close to the in-situ state as possible. Analysis on the uniform compression and hemispherical indentation of the stacked anode samples reasonably addresses the temperature dependence of the cell level mechanical response. It can be concluded that coupling effect in the mechanical behavior is almost negligible for the two factors, i.e., the environmental temperature and the aging degree, no matter at cell level or component level.

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“…1,2 This means conducting investigations in the field of battery safety is crucial, which requires extensive analyses in various mechanical abuse conditions. Many studies have addressed the safety of lithium-ion batteries by investigating internal short circuit and defective batteries, 3,4 external abusive conditions, 5,6 and even at the vehicle level by utilizing machine learning techniques. 7 One of the challenges of such studies is to obtain accurate constitutive models of lithium-ion batteries and, more specifically, the electrode stack inside these cells to predict their behavior under various loading scenarios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogenized characterization of cylindrical Li‐ion battery cells using elliptical approximation

Gilaki

Song

Sahraei

2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Homogenization and finding the constitutive model of jellyroll in cylindrical lithium‐ion batteries can be challenging because of their form factor. Taking samples out of the original jellyroll wounding or compressing cell assembly in its cylindrical coordinates are two possibilities for measuring the homogenized lateral strength of the cell. However, the former causes loss of accuracy due to changing constraints and electrolyte environment, and the latter requires complex fixtures that are not readily available or even practical to manufacture. Various approaches have been suggested by researchers to circumvent the above difficulties and allow the extraction of hardening curves. However, the precision of those approaches diminishes when the cells are under global compression vs local punch deformations. In this study, an updated homogenization method is established, using a lateral compression test on the jellyroll. The homogenization method is based on the assumption that the circular cross‐section of the jellyroll under compression is deformed in an elliptical shape. Then the principle of virtual work is used to extract the hardening curve. To validate the above characterization model, isotropic and anisotropic finite element models were developed using crushable foam and modified honeycomb material models from the LS‐DYNA library. Four sets of cell‐level experiments were performed on cylindrical batteries using custom‐designed fixtures, including flat lateral compression, rod indentation, hemispherical punch, and three‐point bending. The voltage and surface temperature of the batteries were measured to capture the onset of short circuit during the tests. Comparison of the simulation results confirmed that the proposed homogenization method and the FE models can predict the behavior of cylindrical lithium‐ion batteries with much higher accuracy compared to the currently available methods presented in the literature.

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Effect of low-temperature aging on the safety performance of lithium-ion pouch cells under mechanical abuse condition: A comprehensive experimental investigation

Cited by 36 publications

References 52 publications

Perspective—On the Safety of Aged Lithium-Ion Batteries

Perspective—On the Safety of Aged Lithium-Ion Batteries

Temperature Dependence in Responses of Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells Under Mechanical Abuse

Homogenized characterization of cylindrical Li‐ion battery cells using elliptical approximation

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