Effect of Low dose Radiation on Differentiation of Bone Marrow Cells into Dendritic Cells

Chun, Sung Hak; Park, Ga-Young; Han, Yu; Kim, Sung Dae; Kim, Joong Sun; Lee, Chang Geun; Yang, Kwangmo

doi:10.2203/dose-response.12-041.lee

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The state of immunity has a very important role in the defense against tumor formation and growth. However, its effect is characterized as a two-edged sword, as the direction of effect is dependent on many factors [97][98][99][100][101]. Tumor-directed immune reactants in low doses stimulate tumor growth, while it blocks tumor growth in higher doses [102][103][104].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormesis and immunity: A review

Csaba

2018

AMicr

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The hormesis concept demonstrates that in contrast to the toxic effect of high doses of materials, irradiation, etc., low doses of them are beneficial and, in addition, help to eliminate (prevent) the deleterious effect of high doses given after it. By this effect, it is an important factor of (human) evolution protecting man from harmful impacts, similarly to the role of immunity. However, immunity is also continuously influenced by hormetic effects of environmental [chemical (pollutions), physical (background irradiations and heat), etc.] and medical (drugs and therapeutic irradiations) and food interactions. In contrast to earlier beliefs, the no-threshold irradiation dogma is not valid in low-dose domains and here the hormesis concept is valid. Low-dose therapeutic irradiation, as well as background irradiations (by radon spas or moderately far from the epicenter of atomic bomb or nuclear facilities), is rather beneficial than destructive and the fear from them seems to be unreasonable from immunological point of view. Practically, all immune parameters are beneficially influenced by all forms of low-dose radiations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormesis and immunity: A review

Csaba

2018

AMicr

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“…At this point, we consider how low-dose irradiation might affect the function of Sam68 in the immune system. In fact, many previous reports have shown that low-dose irradiation improves the immune function, based on radiation hormesis theory [ 29 – 31 ]. For instance, low-dose irradiation has been known to facilitate anti-tumor cytotoxicity of natural killer cells without influencing cellular proliferation [ 30 ] or apoptosis and to induce immune-stimulatory responses in human primary monocytes [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sam68 is cleaved by caspases under apoptotic cell death induced by ionizing radiation

Cho

Choi

Nam

et al. 2015

Journal of Radiation Research

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The RNA-binding protein Sam68, a mitotic substrate of tyrosine kinases, has been reported to participate in the cell cycle, apoptosis, and signaling. In particular, overexpression of Sam68 protein is known to suppress cell growth and cell cycle progression in NIH3T3 cells. Although Sam68 is involved in many cellular activities, the function of Sam68, especially in response to apoptotic stimulation, is not well understood. In this study, we found that Sam68 protein is cleaved in immune cells undergoing apoptosis induced by γ-radiation. Moreover, we found that Sam68 cleavage was induced by apoptotic stimuli containing γ-radiation in a caspase-dependent manner. In particular, we showed that activated casepase-3, 7, 8 and 9 can directly cleave Sam68 protein through in vitro protease cleavage assay. Finally, we found that the knockdown of Sam68 attenuated γ-radiation–induced cell death and growth suppression. Conclusively, the cleavage of Sam68 is a new indicator for the cell damaging effects of ionizing radiation.

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“…A low dose of TBI (0.2 Gy) was found to increase surface expression of CD80, CD86, MHC class I, and MHCII on immature and mature DCs, but suppressed the antigen uptake capacity as well as IL-12 secretion, suggesting a shift toward immune tolerance [ 92 ]. Mature DCs given a high dose of irradiation (30 Gy) secreted less IL-12, showed remarkable resistance against radiation-induced apoptosis and were less effective in a mixed lymphocyte reaction [ 93 ].…”

Section: Modulation Of the Tumor Microenvironment By Chronic Stresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highlighting the Potential for Chronic Stress to Minimize Therapeutic Responses to Radiotherapy through Increased Immunosuppression and Radiation Resistance

Chen

Singh

2020

Cancers

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Ionizing radiation has been used in the treatment of cancer for more than 100 years. While often very effective, there is still a great effort in place to improve the efficacy of radiation therapy for controlling the progression and recurrence of tumors. Recent research has revealed the close interaction between nerves and tumor progression, especially nerves of the autonomic nervous system that are activated by a variety of stressful stimuli including anxiety, pain, sleep loss or depression, each of which is likely to be increased in cancer patients. A growing literature now points to a negative effect of chronic stressful stimuli in tumor progression. In this review article, we present data on the potential for adrenergic stress to influence the efficacy of radiation and in particular, its potential to influence the anti-tumor immune response, and the frequency of an “abscopal effect” or the shrinkage of tumors which are outside an irradiated field. We conclude that chronic stress can be a major impediment to more effective radiation therapy through mechanisms involving immunosuppression and increased resistance to radiation-induced tumor cell death. Overall, these data highlight the potential value of stress reduction strategies to improve the outcome of radiation therapy. At the same time, objective biomarkers that can accurately and objectively reflect the degree of stress in patients over prolonged periods of time, and whether it is influencing immunosuppression and radiation resistance, are also critically needed.

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Effect of Low dose Radiation on Differentiation of Bone Marrow Cells into Dendritic Cells

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Hormesis and immunity: A review

Hormesis and immunity: A review

Sam68 is cleaved by caspases under apoptotic cell death induced by ionizing radiation

Highlighting the Potential for Chronic Stress to Minimize Therapeutic Responses to Radiotherapy through Increased Immunosuppression and Radiation Resistance

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