Effect of long-term training and acute physical exercise on red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate

Remes, Kari; Vuopio, P; Härkönen, Matti

doi:10.1007/bf00431026

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The degree of the increase in 2,3-DPG and P50 value seems to be dependent on training intensity. It tended to relate inversely to MCHC and I-lb concentration, which is in agreement with other investigations (4,15). As shown previously, endurance training leads to a reduction in the mean red cell density indicating the presence of a higher portion of young erythrocytes in blood (10).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Physical training induces many adaptive mechanisms, i.e., changes in the cardiovascular system, the muscle fiber composition, and an increase in the maximal oxygen uptake. Moreover, long-lasting exercise facilitates oxygen uncoupling from hemoglobin due to a rightward shift of the oxygen dissociation curve caused by an increase in red cell 2,3. diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) (15). Furthermore, alterations of blood composition, such as a decrease in the hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, hematocrit (Hct), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), the so-called sports anemia, are described.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Red Cell Oxygen Transport Before and After Short-Term Maximal Swimming in Dependence on Training Status

Hasibeder¹,

Schobersberger²,

Mairbäurl³

1987

Int J Sports Med

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Parameters of oxygen transport were determined in 12 national class swimmers of both sexes during a 6-week training phase. Training intensity was high at the beginning of the training period (60 km/week); at the end the intensity was reduced to 25 km/week. At the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of the training period maximal swim tests (3 X 50 m) were performed. At rest 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) concentration (+0.82 mmol/l RBC) and P50 values (+0.92 mmHg) were increased after the period of intensive training, but decreased during the following 3 weeks, remaining still higher than pre-training values. Hemoglobin (Hb), concentration (MCHC) decreased during the training phase in dependence on training intensity. On day 0 and day 25 no changes in 2,3-DPG were found during the swim tests, but at the end a significant reduction in red cell 2,3-DPG (-0.44 mmol/l RBC) occurred. This can be explained by the more pronounced lactacidosis in this last swim test. The degree of hemoconcentration during exercise was the same throughout the training period and consequently independent of the state of physical fitness. During the training period, a good correlation between training intensity, increase in red cell 2,3-DPG, and P50 value as well as in the degree of sports anemia could be found.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Cell Oxygen Transport Before and After Short-Term Maximal Swimming in Dependence on Training Status

Hasibeder¹,

Schobersberger²,

Mairbäurl³

1987

Int J Sports Med

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“…It was observed that athletes have a higher baseline 2,3-DPG level than untrained subjects (Taunton et al, 1974;Remes et al, 1979;Brodthagen et al, 1985;Ricci et al, 1988). There is a significant positive relationship between the resting concentration of 2,3-DPG and VO 2max (Remes et al, 1979;Mairbäurl et al, 1983;Czuba et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After low-intensity endurance exercise, 2,3-DPG tends to increase (Remes et al, 1979;Meen et al, 1981). However, it should be noted that basal 2,3-DPG level and the 2,3-DPG response to exercise also depend on the sports level of the subjects (Kuński and Sztobryn, 1976;Remes et al, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Blood Cell 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate Decreases in Response to a 30 km Time Trial Under Hypoxia in Cyclists

et al. 2021

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Red blood cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) is one of the factors of rightward-shifted oxygen dissociation curves and decrease of Hb-O2 affinity. The reduction of Hb-O2 affinity is beneficial to O2 unloading at the tissue level. In the current literature, there are no studies about the changes in 2,3-DPG level following acute exercise in moderate hypoxia in athletes. For this reason, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of prolonged intense exercise under normoxic and hypoxic conditions on 2,3-DPG level in cyclists. Fourteen male trained cyclists performed a simulation of a 30 km time trial (TT) in normoxia and normobaric hypoxia (FiO2 = 16.5%, ~2,000 m). During the TT, the following variables were measured: power, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), and heart rate (HR). Before and immediately after exercise, the blood level of 2,3-DPG and acid–base equilibrium were determined. The results showed that the mean SpO2 during TT in hypoxia was 8% lower than in normoxia. The reduction of SpO2 in hypoxia resulted in a decrease of average power by 9.6% (p < 0.001) and an increase in the 30 km TT completion time by 3.8% (p < 0.01) compared to normoxia. The exercise in hypoxia caused a significant (p < 0.001) decrease in 2,3-DPG level by 17.6%. After exercise in normoxia, a downward trend of 2,3-DPG level was also observed, but this effect was not statistically significant. The analysis also revealed that changes of acid–base balance were significantly larger (p < 0.05) after exercise in hypoxia than in normoxia. In conclusion, intense exercise in hypoxic conditions leads to a decrease in 2,3-DPG concentration, primarily due to exercise-induced acidosis.

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“…1. In other words,the increment of treadmill endurance time and maximum oxygen uptake may be due to the increased mitochondrial enzyme activity (HOLLOSZY et al,1971)and/or red cell 2,3 diphosphoglycerate concentration (REMES et al, 1979),even if blood flow in the lower extremity is not increased by the training.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of physical training on the calf and thigh blood flows.

1980

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Summary Blood flows of the calf and thigh at rest and after submaximal and maximal exercise were determined by the venous occlusion method in 6 healthy subjects before and after physical training for 5 weeks.It was found that the magnitude of the flow after training was significantly (p<0.05)decreased when measured immediately after submaximal exercise,while there were no significant differences found with respect to both calf and thigh blood flows measured immediately after maximal exercise before and after training.Physical training causes adaptive changes not only in the cardiac output but also in the peripheral circulation.It has been shown by a number of investigators that physical training reduces blood flow with a given submaximal work load (VARNAUSKAS et al.,1970;CLAUSEN and TRAP-JENSEN,1968;PHILIPPI et al.,1973). On the other hand,with regard to the effects of physical training on the muscle blood flow with maximal work load,contradictory results have hitherto been reported by few authors; LARSEN and LASSEN(1966)found no significant difference in the blood flow of anterior tibial muscle in the trained and untrained groups, while the trained group increased their maximum walking-distance to three times the original value. GRIMBY et al.(1967)also observed that the untrained and trained subjects attained maximal blood flow values of the same magnitude. However, CLAUSEN and TRAP-JENSEN(1970)reported that muscle blood flow in nine patients with coronary artery disease at maximal load increased after training for 4 to 10 week's duration. SIMMONS and SHEPHARD(1972)observed that total flow to the forearm immediately following exercise increased after training.The present study,therefore,was undertaken to obtain further information concerning the effect of physical training on blood flow in the lower limbs using submaximal and maximal exercise.Methods.The subjects were 6 healthy students of ranging in age from 18 to 20 years.They were all untrained males who had not participated in any regular

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Effect of long-term training and acute physical exercise on red cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Red Cell Oxygen Transport Before and After Short-Term Maximal Swimming in Dependence on Training Status

Red Cell Oxygen Transport Before and After Short-Term Maximal Swimming in Dependence on Training Status

Red Blood Cell 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate Decreases in Response to a 30 km Time Trial Under Hypoxia in Cyclists

Effects of physical training on the calf and thigh blood flows.

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