Effect of Long-Term Moderate Physical Exercise on Irisin between Normal Weight and Obese Men

Abstract

Background. Irisin is a myokine that has a beneficial effect on obesity and glucose metabolism by increasing energy expenditure. This study aims to investigate the effect of long-term moderate physical exercise on irisin levels and its correlations with body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences (WC), and metabolic parameters in normal weight and obese males. Material and method. A follow-up case-control study of sixty male participants, comprised of thirty normal weight and thirty obese, who had undergone supervised long-term moderate physical exercises for six months. Serum irisin levels, fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment of the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), and β-cell function (HOMA-B2) were assessed. Results. Long-term moderate exercise induced elevation of the irisin level significantly (P<0.0001) with significant reduction of the BMI, WC, fasting blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-B2 levels (P<0.0001) in comparison between obese and normal weight groups. There are significant differences for each parameter in each obese and normal weight group before and after physical exercise with exception of the BMI and WC in the normal group. Significant negative correlations were shown between irisin and blood glucose and insulin and HOMA-IR levels in the obese group and normal weight group. Conclusion. Irisin improves glucose homeostasis after long-term moderate physical exercises, suggesting that irisin could have regulatory effect on glucose, insulin resistance, and obesity and it could be used as a potential therapy for obesity and insulin resistance.

Moderate-intensity exercise might be a competitive protocol to prevent obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases

“…However, it has recently recognized that irisin can be induced by exercise. Results of our study showed that irisin levels post-EX and at 60 min post-EX were significantly increased than pre-EX irisin levels regardless of exercise intensity, consistent with studies reporting an increase of irisin level after exercise [11,42,43]. Different from previous results…”

The Role of Irisin in Exercise-Mediated Bone Health

“…Although the relevance to gender is unclear ( Anastasilakis et al, 2014 ; Ruan et al, 2019 ), circulating irisin is shown positive correlated with adiposity indices, such as percent body fat and fat mass ( Jang et al, 2017 ). Notably, a 6-months moderate physical exercise increases the irisin level, decreases body mass index and waist circumferences in obese men ( Rashid et al, 2020 ). Therefore, irisin may be an important factor in maintaining the bone health of obese people.…”

Long-Term Effect of Exercise on Irisin Blood Levels—Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Considering the results of the studies analyzed in this systematic review and metaanalysis, it seems that long-term physical exercise increases irisin blood levels, especially in obese individuals. More specifically, our study shows that endurance training and combined training increase irisin blood levels in obese older females [26], combined training in obese middle-aged males [33], endurance [46,68] and resistance exercise [49] in young obese adult males, and resistance exercise training in obese older males [52,76]. Moreover, exercise and dietary lifestyle programs demonstrated increases in irisin blood levels in obese children [31], and pelvic floor muscle training increased irisin in obese older females with stress urinary incontinence [80].…”