Effect of Load Models in Distributed Generation Planning

Singh, Devender; Misra, Rakesh R.; Singh, Deependra

doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2007.907582

Cited by 366 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…When DGs are connected to a microgrid, they have significant effects on power quality, stability, and voltage profiles; as a result, they can be considered a geographically localized voltage control [35], [36], [37]. The impact of these resources on power quality largely depends on the number of DERs installed in the system, i.e., massive and uncontrolled installation of these resources could have adverse effects on power quality [36]- [40].…”

Section: Integration Of Distributed Energy Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integration of distributed energy resources in isolated microgrids: the Colombian paradigm

García

Arango-Manrique

Carvajal-Quintero

2018

TecnoL.

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The electrification of rural or isolated areas coupled with increasing environmental concerns have promoted the emergence of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) and the operation by isolated microgrids. However, the integration of such resources involves technical issues related to the reliability and continuity of the electricity supply. Indeed, the uncertainty of renewable generation sources and the reduced inertia of isolated microgrids are challenges for the operation of these distribution systems. One way to address them is by providing ancillary services through all the resources involved in the system’s operation (generation assets, demand share, and storage systems). Accordingly, this paper first presents a literature review of the challenges and potential benefits of integrating DERs into the operation of a distribution system. It also includes some common strategies to mitigate the vulnerability of the introduction of these technologies in microgrids. Afterwards, the current state of each type of resource in Colombia is assessed. Finally, some basic strategies that enhance the benefits of DER integration are outlined along with the overcoming of challenges of microgrid operation in said country. To that end, we consider isolated Colombian regions to be natural laboratories where the effects of DER integration and the requirements for the operation by local production units can be analyzed.

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Section: Integration Of Distributed Energy Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact of these resources on power quality largely depends on the number of DERs installed in the system, i.e., massive and uncontrolled installation of these resources could have adverse effects on power quality [36]- [40].…”

Section: Integration Of Distributed Energy Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of distributed energy resources in isolated microgrids: the Colombian paradigm

García

Arango-Manrique

Carvajal-Quintero

2018

TecnoL.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The V2G implementation in the power system of the future has to cooperate with other new components, typically the distributed generators. Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) has been enacted in U.S. which specifies, through 2025, an annually increasing amount of electricity that must be generated from renewable resources [5]. V2G as an energy storage device can allow a larger scale of intermittent renewable generation installed in the grid [6].…”

Section: New Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bi-level Control Scheme for Vehicle-to-Grid Regulation Services

Gao¹,

Chau²,

Liu³

2012

WEVJ

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This paper presents a control scheme of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operation for the distribution power grid which integrates renewable generation units. An optimal control algorithm is developed to minimize the total operating cost. The potential for providing frequency regulation when the vehicles are idle is also analyzed. The power output of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) is regulated to redistribute the PHEV charging energy and meanwhile provide the grid services. The regulation of PHEV charging load can consume the excessive power from wind generation units during the off-peak time. And with the frequency regulation, the power fluctuation of wind generator can be compensated and therefore stabilize the voltage and frequency. Finally, simulation results verify that the optimal control of V2G power can reduce total operating cost and enhance the voltage stability. Furthermore, the regulation capacity of V2G used for frequency regulation can improve the power quality and facilitate the integration of wind power generators.

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“…Recently, few studies [29,57,58] indicated that the voltage-dependent load models (i.e., industrial, residential and commercial) considerably affect the DG penetration planning when compared to the constant load model. The research in [29] presented a multiobjective optimization planning using GA to allocate a DG unit in distribution networks with different load models.…”

Section: Voltage Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Active and reactive power loss indices have been used to evaluate the impact of DG inclusion in a distribution system [29,54,55,57]. These indices play a critical role in DG planning and operations due to their significant impacts on utilities' revenue, power quality, system stability and security, and environmental efficiency.…”

Section: Impact Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smart integration of distributed renewable generation and battery energy storage

Hung¹

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Renewable energy (i.e., biomass, wind and solar) and Battery Energy Storage (BES) are emerging as sustainable solutions for electricity generation. In the last decade, the smart grid has been introduced to accommodate high penetration of such renewable resources and make the power grid more efficient, reliable and resilient. The smart grid is formulated as a combination of power systems, telecommunication communication and information technology. As an integral part of the smart grid, a smart integration approach is presented in this thesis. The main idea behind the smart integration is locating, sizing and operating renewable-based Distributed Generation (DG) resources and associated BES units in distribution networks strategically by considering various technical, economical and environmental issues. Hence, the aim of the thesis is to develop methodologies for strategic planning and operations of high renewable DG penetration along with an efficient usage of BES units.The first contribution of the thesis is to present three alternative analytical expressions to identify the location, size and power factor of a single DG unit with a goal of minimising power losses. These expressions are easily adapted to accommodate different types of renewable DG units for minimizing energy losses by considering the time-varying demand and different operating conditions of DG units. Both dispatchable and nondispatchable renewable DG units are investigated in the study. Secondly, a methodology is also introduced in the thesis for the integration of multiple dispatchable biomass and nondispatchable wind units. The concept behind this methodology is that each nondispatchable wind unit is converted into a dispatchable source by adding a biomass unit with sufficient capacity to retain the energy loss at a minimum level. Thirdly, the thesis studies the determination of nondispatchable photovoltaic (PV) penetration into distribution systems while considering time-varying voltage-dependent load models and probabilistic generation. The system loads are classified as an industrial, commercial or residential type or a mix of them with different normalised daily patterns. The Beta probability density function model is used to describe the probabilistic nature of solar irradiance. An analytical expression is proposed to size a PV unit. This expression is based on the derivation of a multiobjective index (IMO) that is formulated as a combination of iii three indices, namely active power loss, reactive power loss and voltage deviation. The IMO is minimised in determining the optimal size and power factor of a PV unit. Fourthly, the thesis discusses the integration of PV and BES units considering optimal power dispatch. In this work, each nondispatchable PV unit is converted into a dispatchable source by adding a BES unit with sufficient capacity. An analytical expression is proposed to determine the optimal size and power factor of PV and BES units for reducing energy losses and enhancing voltage stability. A self-correction algorith...

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Effect of Load Models in Distributed Generation Planning

Cited by 366 publications

References 13 publications

Integration of distributed energy resources in isolated microgrids: the Colombian paradigm

Integration of distributed energy resources in isolated microgrids: the Colombian paradigm

Bi-level Control Scheme for Vehicle-to-Grid Regulation Services

Smart integration of distributed renewable generation and battery energy storage

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