Effect of listening to music on anxiety, pain, and cardiorespiratory parameters in cardiac surgery: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Background Preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain are frequent in cardiac surgeries and constitute important stressors for patients, which can cause several complications. One strategy that aims to alleviate these phenomena is listening to music as a non-pharmacological intervention. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of listening to music on preoperative state-anxiety, postoperative pain, at rest and when instructed to cough, and cardiorespiratory parameters in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods A randomized, parallel, simple masking clinical trial will be conducted with patients 18 years of age or older who have undergone elective cardiac surgery by sternotomy, who agree to participate in the research and sign a free and informed consent form. Study participants will be randomly divided, in a 1:1 ratio, to one of the two groups: experimental (subjected to listening to music for 20 min in the pre- and postoperative period) or control (standard care in the pre- and postoperative period), using a randomization scheme generated by the Randomization.com website. The sample size calculation was obtained after conducting a pilot study. Discussion The results of the study may contribute to the implementation of non-pharmacological interventions in health services, highlighting the protocols for listening to music, to minimize anxiety and pain in cardiac surgery. Trial registration ReBEC RBR-8mdyhd. Posted on December 10, 2019

Personality, Preoperative Anxiety, and Postoperative Outcomes: A Review

“…Music therapy is also a simple and accessible intervention with proven effectiveness in reducing preoperative anxiety [120,121]. A previous study found that exposure to music significantly reduced self-reported anxiety preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively, and improved patients' experience of cataract surgery [122].…”

Music therapy for pain and anxiety in patients after cardiac valve replacement: a randomized controlled clinical trial

“…Patients experience a lot of anxiety while in the hospital because anxiety frequently goes hand in hand with pain [ 6 ]. Patients with anxiety may lose hope in their ability to fight off diseases, experience helplessness and pessimism, develop more stress, experience high heart rates, lose appetite and weight, struggle to sleep and digest, feel exhausted, and experience other negative effects that hurt the patient and slow their recovery [ 7 ]. Therefore, identifying a suitable method of lowering patient stress requires considerably deeper research [ 6 ].…”