Effect of liquid inhibitors on PCDD/F formation. Prediction of particle-phase PCDD/F concentrations using PLS modelling with gas-phase chlorophenol concentrations as independent variables

Tuppurainen, Kari; Aatamila, Marjaleena; Ruokojärvi, Päivi; Halonen, Ismo; Ruuskanen, Juhani

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(98)00439-1

Cited by 52 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some of them 18,19) have attributed such an effect to the formation of the Cu-N bond or a complex composed of Cu and N because they may reduce the activity of Cu, which is regarded as the main catalytic material promoting the oxidation and chlorination reactions of carbonaceous materials. However, such mechanisms cannot explain the difference between the effect of the urea addition on dioxins (Fig.…”

Section: De Novo Experiments Using Dust Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in Dioxin Emissions by the Addition of Urea as Aqueous Solution to High-temperature Combustion Gas

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: De Novo Experiments Using Dust Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in Dioxin Emissions by the Addition of Urea as Aqueous Solution to High-temperature Combustion Gas

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Over the last two decades several nitrogen compounds and/or in combination with sulphur compounds, have been examined as potential inhibitors for PCDD/F formation during waste incineration and other combustion processes. Among others, the PCDD/F suppressing effects of some solid inhibitors including urea, ethylenediammine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), monoethanolamine (MEA), and triethanol-amine (TEA), and some gaseous inhibitors such as ammonia (NH 3 ), sulphur dioxide, amido sulphonic acid and dimethylamine (DMA) have been reported (Addink et al, 1996;Ruokojarvi et al, 1998;Tuppurainen et al, 1999;Samaras et al, 2000a;Samaras et al, 2000b;Ruokojarvi et al, 2001;Xhrouet et al, 2002;Kuzuhara et al, 2005;Marie-Rose et al, 2009;Williams, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of gaseous NH3 and SO2 on the concentration profiles of PCDD/F in flyash under post-combustion zone conditions

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The influence of gaseous ammonia and sulphur dioxide on the formation of 2378-substituted PCDD/F on a reference flyash from a municipal waste incinerator has been investigated using a laboratory scale fixed-bed reactor. The reference flyash samples (BCR-490) was reacted under a simulated flue gas stream at temperatures of 225 °C and 375 ºC for 96 hours. The experiments were carried out in two series: first with simulated flue gas alone, and then with injection of NH 3 or SO 2 gas into the flue gas just before the reactor inlet. It was found that the injection of gaseous ammonia into the flue gas could decrease the concentration of both PCDD and PCDF by 34-75% from the solid phase and by 21-40% from the gas phase. Converting the results to I-TEQ values, it could reduce the total I-TEQ values of PCDD and PCDF in the sum of the flyash and exhaust flue gas by 42 -75% and 24 -57% respectively. The application of SO 2 led to 99% and 93% reductions in the PCDD and PCDF average congener concentrations, respectively in the solid phase. In the gas phase, the total reductions were 89% and 76% for PCDD and PCDF, respectively. Moreover, addition of SO 2 reduced the total I-TEQ value of PCDD and PCDF in the flyash and exhaust flue gas together by 60 -86% and 72 -82% respectively. Sulphur dioxide was more effective than ammonia in suppressing PCDD/F formation in flyash under the conditions investigated.

show abstract

“…The presence of compounds containing sulfur and nitrogen affected PCDD/Fs formation pathways, as it was observed from the ratios and the homologue profiles of PCDDs and PCDFs (Xhrouet et al, 2002;Samaras et al, 2000;Raghunathan and Gullett, 1996). Tuppurainen et al (1999) studied the effect of two liquid inhibitors, sodium ammonium hydrogen phosphate and urea, on PCDD/Fs formation in the combustion of liquid fuel doped with copper and chlorine at a pilot-scale plant. It should be emphasized that the use of inhibitors has been limited so far to the laboratory only and few were on the practice application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of PCDD/Fs formation from dioxin precursors by calcium oxide

et al. 2005

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research aimed at understanding the inhibition effect of CaO on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) formation form dioxins precursors, such as chlorophenols (CPs) and chlorobenzenes (CBs). The results indicated that a clear dioxin inhibition effect occurred both in open and sealed system when CaO was used. In the open system, PCDDs were the main congeners and the inhibition efficiency was all over 99% in the experiments. In the experiments with CaO, less than 0.1% of the initial PCP was detected in the absorption tube and only about 1% of the initial PCP was examined as calcium pentachlorophenate in the reaction tube. In the sealed system, the inhibition efficiency was over 90% at temperature range between 280 and 450°C when PCP was used as model precursor. When HCB and 2,3,4,5-T 4 CP replaced PCP, significant inhibition effect was also observed. As CaO has the advantageous properties of non-toxicity and non-volatile nature, it is our hope that the result will contribute to the development of a new technique to cope with the problem of dioxin pollution in MWIs.

show abstract

Effect of liquid inhibitors on PCDD/F formation. Prediction of particle-phase PCDD/F concentrations using PLS modelling with gas-phase chlorophenol concentrations as independent variables

Cited by 52 publications

References 26 publications

Reduction in Dioxin Emissions by the Addition of Urea as Aqueous Solution to High-temperature Combustion Gas

Reduction in Dioxin Emissions by the Addition of Urea as Aqueous Solution to High-temperature Combustion Gas

Effects of gaseous NH3 and SO2 on the concentration profiles of PCDD/F in flyash under post-combustion zone conditions

Inhibition of PCDD/Fs formation from dioxin precursors by calcium oxide

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About