Effect of liposomes on percutaneous penetration of lipophilic materials

Michel, Christoph; Purmann, T.; Mentrup, E.; Seiller, Erhard; Kreuter, Jörg

doi:10.1016/0378-5173(92)90050-c

Cited by 52 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Superoxide dismutase (0.1Y0) 12 Glutathione reduced (0.1Y0) 13 Ascorbyl palmitate (1 %) 14 No active compound added (control) flowmetry, reflectance colorimetry or spectrophotometry have been employed for evaluating the extent of skin erythema [5].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect evaluation of free radical scavengers on UVB induced human cutaneous erythema by skin reflectance spectrophotometry

Montenegro

Bonina

Rigano

et al. 1995

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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Synopsis This paper assesses the suitability of UVB induced skin erythema measured by reflectance spectrophotometry in humans as a model for differentiating topical efficacy of free radical scavengers. Two different formulations (aqueous gels and O/W emulsions) of each active compound (tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione, ascorbyl palmitate) were tested on healthy human volunteers before and after skin exposure to UVB radiation. Skin erythema was monitored by calculating erythema index values from the skin spectral data obtained using a reflectance spectrophotometer. The free radical scavengers tested were not able to inhibit UVB induced skin erythema from both formulations when they were topically applied before UVB irradiation. Applying the free radical scavenger formulations after skin exposure to UVB radiation, glutathione and SOD showed the best ability in inhibiting the induced erythema (percentage inhibition 53.3 and 41.6%, respectively from gels). Tocopherol and tocopherol acetate inhibited UVB skin erythema by 27% while ascorbyl palmitate showed a poor efficacy. For all the active compounds tested, no significant difference was observed comparing the results obtained from gels to those from emulsions. Liposomal gel formulations containing the free radical scavengers which showed the best activity (SOD and glutathione) were prepared and topically applied after skin exposure to UVB radiation. SOD and glutathione liposomal formulations were more effective than the corresponding conventional gels. The proposed model, if validated by further studies, could be useful for differentiating the effectiveness of free radical scavengers in inhibiting photoaging due to long-term sunlight skin exposure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect evaluation of free radical scavengers on UVB induced human cutaneous erythema by skin reflectance spectrophotometry

Montenegro

Bonina

Rigano

et al. 1995

Intern J of Cosmetic Sci

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“…The resulting layer thickness was calculated according to the following equation (Michel et al, 1992):…”

Section: Determination Of the Thickness Of The Skin And The Scmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gulasekharam (1980, 1982), Singh and Mezei (1983) and Schaeffer and Krohn (1982) were the first to report the potential use of liposomes in topical applications for the skin and eyes. Many studies performed in the last decade showed significantly higher absorption rates (Michel et al, 1992;Cevc, 1996), as well as greater pharmacological effects for drugs applied to the skin entrapped in liposomes, as compared to conventional topical formulations (Skalko et al, 1992;Sharma et al, 1994). Two in vivo rabbit studies document comparisons between liposomal and conventional formulations of triamcinolone acetonide Gulasekharam, 1980, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle size of liposomes influences dermal delivery of substances into skin

Verma

Blume

et al. 2003

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

562

257

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“…The authors proved this effect as the smaller vesicles were not stable and disintegrated immediately upon contact with the other surface. Michel and colleagues [63] examined the size dependence of liposomes on the percutaneous absorption of dl--tocopherol nicotinate, a model lipophilic drug. The data showed that there is only a weak dependence between the skin permeation of liposome-entrapped drug and the size of such liposomes.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Liposome Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The influence of lamellarity of the liposomes on drug delivery should not be neglected. The unilamellar liposomes typically result in higher degrees of drug penetration than multilamellar liposomes [63,64].…”

Section: Factors Affecting Liposome Penetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liposomes as Vehicles for Enhancing Drug Delivery Via Skin Routes

Fang¹,

Hwang²,

Huang

2006

CNANO

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The delivery of drugs via skin routes has been extensively investigated. Nevertheless, clinical applications are limited by the stratum corneum (SC), the predominant barrier of the skin. One of the possibilities for increasing skin absorption or permeation of drugs is the use of nano/submicron vesicular systems. Classic liposomes are of little value as carriers for drug delivery via the skin because they do not deeply penetrate it. Only specially designed liposomes have been shown to be capable of achieving enhanced delivery. Liposomes are tiny spheres ranging in diameter from 50 nm to several microns. This review article explores the types and mechanisms involved with liposomes with nanostructures for enhancing topical or transdermal drug delivery. The incorporation of some additives such as anionic surfactants and ethanol can fluidize the phospholipid bilayers, thus increasing the depths to which liposomes can penetrate into the intercellular pathways of the skin. Hair follicles are also important for the enhancement of transdermal liposomes. Niosomes, non-ionic surfactant vesicles, are alternatives to liposomes, which are also discussed in this review. Physical methods such as iontophoresis, ultrasound, and tape-stripping can further assist the delivery of drugs encapsulated in liposomes. Recent breakthroughs with liposomes are beneficial to topically applied permeants, especially for dermatological medications, cosmetic ingredients, and protein/peptide macromolecules.

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Effect of liposomes on percutaneous penetration of lipophilic materials

Cited by 52 publications

References 10 publications

Protective effect evaluation of free radical scavengers on UVB induced human cutaneous erythema by skin reflectance spectrophotometry

Protective effect evaluation of free radical scavengers on UVB induced human cutaneous erythema by skin reflectance spectrophotometry

Particle size of liposomes influences dermal delivery of substances into skin

Liposomes as Vehicles for Enhancing Drug Delivery Via Skin Routes

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