Effect of lipophilic complex formation on the uptake and distribution of Hg2+ and CH3−Hg+ in brown trouts (Salmo trutta): Studies with some compounds containing sulphur ligands.

Gottofrey, James; Tjälve, Hans

doi:10.1007/bf00342296

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Our results show that the CH 3 Hg-thiolate complexes were bioavailable to C. variegatus at environmentally realistic CH 3 Hg(II) concentrations and resulted in increased uptake of CH 3 Hg(II) in the whole body of the fish. Although the magnitude of the CH 3 Hg(II) concentrations in the different organs was not as dramatic as that shown by Gottofrey and Tjälve [11] because of the lower (factor of 100) concentrations used in this study, our results confirm that these thiolate agents were bioavailable and enhanced CH 3 Hg(II) uptake by fish above levels seen in the absence of the thiolate organic compounds.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…Information on the effect of different sulfur ligands on the uptake of Hg in aquatic organisms is limited, and to our knowledge, these studies have been performed only on phytoplankton [10] and trout [11]. The latter study was performed at CH 3 HgCl concentrations (10 μ/L) much higher than that found in the natural environment and may have overestimated the effect of Hg bioaccumulation in fish.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of thiolate organic compounds on methylmercury accumulation and redistribution in sheepshead minnows, Cyprinodon variegatus

Leaner

2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Methylmercury (CH3Hg(II)) was measured in various tissues and whole body of sheepshead minnows; Cyprinodon variegatus, following exposure to 100 ng/L methylmercury chloride (CH3HgCl) alone or in combination with one of the organic compounds cysteine (CH3Hg-Cys), thiourea (CH3Hg-Thu), or thioglycolate (CH3Hg-Thg). Overall, the CH3Hg(II) concentration in sheepshead minnows in all the treatments increased with time and was significantly different from the unspiked controls after 24 h. Addition of the organic compounds increased the bioavailability of CH3Hg(II) in the whole body of the fish after 72 h. In particular, the CH3Hg(II) concentration after CH3Hg-Thg and CH3Hg-Thu exposure was, respectively, approximately 1.3- and 1.6-fold higher than with CH3HgCl exposure. A composite of the CH3Hg(II) concentrations in the visceral organs (gill, liver, and intestine) highlighted the effect of the organic compounds, where concentrations in all mercury-thiolate treatments were significantly higher than CH3HgCl alone after 72 h. The most dramatic changes in the different tissues measured were observed in the liver, where the CH3Hg(II) concentrations in the sulfur treatments were significantly higher than the CH3HgCl treatment after 72 h. The results of this study suggest that the CH3Hg-thiolate complexes were bioavailable to sheepshead minnows and effectively induced CH3Hg(II) uptake in tissues at environmentally realistic CH3HgCl concentrations.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of thiolate organic compounds on methylmercury accumulation and redistribution in sheepshead minnows, Cyprinodon variegatus

Leaner

2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…The olfactory system of brown trout had one of the highest Mn accumulations observed. Uptake of Cd and Hg in the olfactory system of brown trout has been previously observed [17,39], and the axonal transport of Cd was observed in the olfactory nerve of the pike Esox lucius [40]. Manganese is probably taken up in the nerve cells of the epithelium of olfactory rosette and then transported via axons to the olfactory bulb of the brain.…”

Section: Organ and Tissue Distributionmentioning

confidence: 77%

UPTAKE, DISTRIBUTION AND ELIMINATION OF 54Mn(II) IN THE BROWN TROUT (SALMO TRUTTA)

Rouleau¹,

Tjälve²,

Gottofrey³

et al. 1995

Environ Toxicol Chem

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Brown trout (Salmo frutfa) were exposed to water containing 0.1 pg.L-' (1.8 nmo1.L-I) of s4Mn(Il) for 1, 3, or 6 weeks. Additional trout were exposed for 3 weeks and allowed to depurate for 1 or 3 weeks. Both the uptake and the organ distribution of manganese (Mn) were determined by gamma counting and whole-body autoradiography. Steady-state concentration, C,,, and biological half-life, f,,,, were calculated. The whole-body Mn concentration (1.78 pg.kg-l) reached after 6 weeks o f exposure was close to C,, (1.88 pg.kg-') and f,,, was 9.6 d. Manganese concentration in tissues followed the decreasing order liver > viscera without liver and kidney > gills > skin, fins, bones, and head excluding gills, brain, and eyes > kidney = epidermal mucus > brain > eyes > muscle. Autoradiograms indicated high Mn concentrations in the pancreatic tissue, skeleton, gastrointestinal mucosa, and olfactory system. Gills, viscera, and eyes (tl,2 = 3.7 to 8.8 d) were near steady state after 6 weeks of exposure, while the other tissues were not ( t l I 2 = 14.6 to 26.4 d). The depuration rate of total radioactivity was relatively rapid initially as 22% of Mn content was lost during the first week, and became slower in the following 2 weeks. Participation of Mn in enzymatic activities of liver, pancreas, and gastrointestinal mucosa may explain its high uptake in these tissues, whereas accumulation in the skeleton seems to be related to bone formation. The uptake of Mn by way of olfactory system favoured its accumulation in the brain of trout. As Mn is known to be neurotoxic, we suggest this route of uptake could be of toxicological significance for fish.

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“…It has been shown that SEC will induce an accumulation of Pb2+ in the eye melanin of mice (Danielsson et al 1984). However, SEC does not induce melanin binding of Ni2+, Cd'+ or Hg'+ in mice or in trouts (Oskarsson & Tjalve 1980;Jasim & Tjalve 1984a;Gottofrey et al 1988a & b;Gottofrey & Tjalve 1991). SPyr has been shown to induce accumulation of Ni2+ in the eye melanin of mice (Jasim & Tjalve 1986a).…”

Section: Commentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1988b); forHg*+, Borgetal. (1988), and Gottofrey & Tjalve (1991); for CH3-HgS, Gottofrey & Tjalve (1991). The results presented below for PbZ+ are based on unpublished data, by J.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Lipophilic Complex Formation on the Uptake and Distribution of Some Metals in Fish

Tjälve

Gottofrey

1991

Pharmacology & Toxicology

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Dithiocarbamates, xanthates, dialkyldithiophosphates and pyridinethiones are groups of compounds which can form lipophilic complexes with heavy metals. These compounds are widely used in industry and in agriculture and forestry and may pollute the aquatic environment. We have exposed fish (brown trouts) to substances belonging to these groups of compounds together with heavy metals (Cd2+, Ni2+, Hg2+, CH3-Hg+ or Pb2+) and then examined the uptake of the metals in the tissues of the fishes. Some of the examined complexing substances were found to cause highly increased tissue levels of the metals in the trouts. However, the enhancing effects varied for different complexing substances and for different metals. A facilitated penetration of the lipophilic complexes over the gill membranes and cellular membranes in other tissues may underlie the increments in the tissue levels of the metals. The lipophilicity and the stability of the complexes may be of importance for the effects of the substances on the disposition of the metals. Studies by other authors, in fishes as well as in other aquatic organisms, have also shown enhanced metal accumulation by compounds forming lipophilic complexes. It is considered that this type of interaction may have important implications for the behaviour of metals in aquatic ecosystems.

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Effect of lipophilic complex formation on the uptake and distribution of Hg2+ and CH3−Hg+ in brown trouts (Salmo trutta): Studies with some compounds containing sulphur ligands.

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

The effect of thiolate organic compounds on methylmercury accumulation and redistribution in sheepshead minnows, Cyprinodon variegatus

The effect of thiolate organic compounds on methylmercury accumulation and redistribution in sheepshead minnows, Cyprinodon variegatus

UPTAKE, DISTRIBUTION AND ELIMINATION OF 54Mn(II) IN THE BROWN TROUT (SALMO TRUTTA)

Effects of Lipophilic Complex Formation on the Uptake and Distribution of Some Metals in Fish

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