Effect of Lipopeptide-Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles on Candida albicans Adhesion and on the Growth of Leishmania major

Abstract

A strain B84 producing surfactin and bacillomycin D lipopeptides was identi ed as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. B84 lipopeptides were extracted by acid precipitation, identi ed by mass spectrometry and loaded onto chitosan nanoparticles by ionotropic gelation process. The lipopeptide / chitosan nanoparticles have an average size of 569 nm, a zeta potential range of 38.8 mV and encapsulation e ciency (EE) of 85.58 %. The treatment of C. albicans cells with encapsulated lipopeptides showed an anti-adhesive activity of 81.17 % and a decreased effect of cell surface hydrophobicity « CSH » by 25.53%. An anti-leishmanial activity was also recorded with IC 50 of 14.37 µg ml -1 and 22.45 µg mL -1 against L. major promastigote and amastigote forms, respectively. Cytotoxicity studies on human cells showed low cytotoxicity effect with HC 50 value of 770 µg mL -1 towards human red blood cells and LC 50 value of 234.56 µg mL -1 towards macrophage Raw 264.7 cell line. These lipopeptide / chitosan nanoparticles could be used as a potential delivery system of lipopeptides to improve both their antiadhesive effect against C. albicans cells colonizing medical devices and their anti-infectious activity against leishmania.

Effect of Chitosan Coating for Efficient Encapsulation and Improved Stability under Loading Preparation and Storage Conditions of Bacillus Lipopeptides

“…A slow release of total CLP was observed at 0.5% CCL, which is attributed to the CS coating. These results could be explained by previous results that proteins with negatively charged surfaces are loaded more efficiently in CS nanoparticle and are released more slowly [ 19 , 45 ].…”

“…Fengycin CLP showed higher encapsulation efficiency than the other CLP as the CS coating concentration increased. This result could be related to the charge of the encapsulated compounds; negative charged proteins or CLP can be attracted to positive charged CS allowing high encapsulation efficiency [ 19 ]. Our results were consistent with other compounds encapsulated in liposomal CS/CLP prepared by ionotropic hybridization.…”

“…Our results were consistent with other compounds encapsulated in liposomal CS/CLP prepared by ionotropic hybridization. It has been previously reported that bacillomycin D, surfactin CLP, and daptomycin showed significant encapsulation efficiencies ranging from 80.8% to 97.9% [ 18 , 19 ]. Hydrophobic cyclosporine A was reported to exhibit encapsulation efficiency of 73–85% when loaded into CS [ 42 ].…”

“…In recent years, various nanoencapsulation methods have been studied to effectively load proteins and natural products and protect them from the stimulated environments [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. There is also a growing interest in using these methods to improve the delivery of bioactive substances to targeted sections.…”

Neglected Zoonotic Diseases: Advances in the Development of Cell-Penetrating and Antimicrobial Peptides against Leishmaniosis and Chagas

“…Their encapsulation in chitosan nanoparticles, which have previously exhibited antileishmanial potential through direct intercalation into the parasitophorous vacuole, enhanced the antileishmanial activity [82]. This improvement could be related to the progressive release of lipopeptides from chitosan delivery system [83]. This system had already showed effectiveness against experimental cutaneous leishmaniosis by using AmB as the incorporated drug [84].…”