Effect of LED-mediated-photobiomodulation therapy on orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in rats

Abstract

The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effects of light-emitting diode-mediated-photobiomodulation therapy (LPT), on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement (TM) and orthodontically induced root resorption, in rats. Twenty male 12-week-old Wistar rats were separated into two groups (control and LPT) and 50 cN of force was applied between maxillary left molar and incisor with a coil spring. In the treatment group, LPT was applied with an energy density of 20 mW/cm(2) over a period of 10 consecutive days directly over the movement of the first molar teeth area. The distance between the teeth was measured with a digital caliper on days 0 (T0), 10 (T1), and 21 (T2) on dental cast models. The surface area of root resorption lacunae was measured histomorphometrically using digital photomicrographs. Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests were used for statistical evaluation at p< 0.05 level. TM during two different time intervals (T1-T0 and T2-T1) were compared for both groups and a statistically significant difference was found in the LPT group (p = 0.016). The TM amount at the first time period (1.31 ± 0.36 mm) was significantly higher than the second time period (0.24 ± 0.23 mm) in the LPT group. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between two groups after treatment/observation period (p = 0.017). The magnitude of movement in the treatment group was higher (1.55 ± 0.33 mm) compared to the control group (1.06 ± 0.35 mm). Histomorphometric analysis of root resorption, expressed as a percentage, showed that the average relative root resorption affecting the maxillary molars on the TM side was 0.098 ± 0.066 in the LPT group and 0.494 ± 0.224 in the control group. Statistically significant inhibition of root resorption with LPT was determined (p < 0.001) on the TM side. The LPT method has the potential of accelerating orthodontic tooth movement and inhibitory effects on orthodontically induced resorptive activity.

Effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on orthodontically induced root resorption caused by torque: A prospective, double-blind, controlled clinical trial

“…5 Torque force induces bucco-lingual rotation of the tooth, 6 and it has been identified as one of the major risk factors for OIRR. [7][8][9][10] Several studies explored potential treatments for OIIRR [11][12][13][14] but the only reported clinically acceptable modality is low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS). 15 LIPUS is acoustic pressure waves that can stimulate a variety of cells including cementoblasts, 16 odontoblasts, 17 osteoblasts, 18 chondrocytes, 19 gingival cells, 20,21 and periodontal ligament cells.…”

Light transmittance of the periodontium

“…This process results in beneficial therapeutic outcomes including but not limited to the alleviation of pain or inflammation, immunomodulation, and promotion of wound healing and tissue regeneration.^ [1]. PBM therapy was found to have multiple clinical benefits, which includes reducing pain [2][3][4][5][6][7], improving wound healing [8][9][10][11], accelerating bone healing [12][13][14][15][16][17], promoting osteointegration [18], facilitating orthodontic tooth movement [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], stimulating bone formation [27][28][29][30][31], and improving periodontal tissue repair and decreasing inflammation and root resorption [23,26,32]. The light sources were laser or a light-emitting diode (LED).…”

Efeito do LED infravermelho sobre a movimentação dentária induzida em ratos

“…As investigações com LED também elegeram diferentes energias (Ekizer et al, 2015;Fonseca et al, 2013). O emprego de parâmetros distintos é decorrente da busca de uma dose ideal, para um efeito positivo da luz sob os tecidos envolvidos na movimentação ortodôntica.…”

“…(Seifi et al, 2007;Gama et al, 2010;Marquezan et al, 2010;Altan et al, 2012;Seifi et al, 2014). Os achados sobre a quantidade de reabsorção radicular também mostraram resultados conflitantes; alguns autores afirmam que a luz infravermelha diminui a reabsorção radicular (Fonseca et al, 2013;Seifi et al, 2014;Ekizer et al, 2015) enquanto outros autores não encontraram diferença entre os grupos. (Marquezan et al, 2013).…”

“…Em Ortodontia, o LED aumenta significativamente a quantidade de movimentação dentária e reduz a dor dos pacientes (Esper et al, 2011). Assim como, reduz o número de osteoclastos no ligamento periodontal (Fonseca et al, 2013) e acelera o movimento dentário em ratos (Ekizer et al, 2015).…”