Effect of Lead on the Skin and Health of Female Dermatitis Patients Through Cosmetics

Abstract

Background: Cosmetics have been a part of routine body care not only for the upper classes but also for the middle and lower classes since the dawn of civilization. Cosmetic formulations are in more demand as the public's interest in skin whitening grows. The contamination of cosmetics with heavy metals is a major concern as they containing heavy metals and pose a major risk to human health. This study looks in to the effects of Lead on human skin. Methods: in this cross-sectional study different products were examined. The matrices (scalp hair, blood, serum and nails) of reference and dermatitis cosmetic female patients (seborrhoeic dermatitis, rosacea, allergic contact dermatitis, and irritant contact dermatitis) and cosmetic samples were used in a 2:1 mixture of HNO3 (65%) and H2O2 (30%), and oxidation was performed using a microwave. The oxidized beauty and biological specimen underwent electrothermal atomic emission spectrophotometry after microwave-assisted acid digestion. The validity and precision of the methodology were verified using certified reference materials. Cosmetic products (lipstick, face powder, Eye Liner and Eye shadow) of different brands contain Pb concentrations in the ranges of 50.5–120 μg/g, 14.6–30.7 μg/g, 2.87–4.25 μg/g and 15.3–21.6 μg/g, respectively. Results: In the present study, cosmetic products (lipstick (N=15), face powder (N=13), eye liner (N=11), eye shadow (N=15) and female patients with dermatitis (N=252) residing in Hyderabad city, Sindh, Pakistan, was investigated. The outcome of this investigation showed significantly higher levels of Pb in biological samples (blood and scalp hair) of different types of female dermatitis patients than in reference subjects (p<0.001). Conclusion: The cosmetic products, especially with regard to heavy metals adulteration, are in use by the female population.

To study the role of diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy in the evaluation of infertility

“…The age distribution revealed a notable concentration of primary infertility patients (45.8%) in the 26-30 age group, aligning with Nanaware et al [9] findings. Similarly, the most prevalent age group for secondary infertility was 26-30 years, consistent with Shah et al [10] and Haider et al [11] . A comparative overview in Table 6 illustrates the concordance of age distribution patterns across various studies.…”

Shrines, Drugs, and Mental Health in South Asian Culture: A Case Study of Rahman Baba Shrine, Peshawar Pakistan

“…This is equal to approximately 10 to 20 per cent of the population (Mian, 2016, Oct 9). In view of this, there is a dearth of mental health services in the country along with mental health professionals (Afridi, et al, 2010). Some reports estimate that there are 6.7 million illicit substance users in Pakistan (UNODC, 2013).…”