“…However, the significant computational costs and storage demands of 3‐D adjoint tomography (Bozdağ et al., 2016; H. Zhu et al., 2015) led to the adoption of linear array adjoint tomography with 2‐D full‐wave simulations in dense linear array settings. This approach has seen varied applications, such as in surface waves (C. Zhang, Yao, Liu, et al., 2018), body waves (Y. Wang et al., 2016), and the Rayleigh wave ZH ratio (Lei et al., 2020). In surface wave applications, the accuracy of tomography using traveltimes from ambient noise surface waves is often limited and influenced by noise source distribution (Fichtner, 2015; Tromp et al., 2010).…”