Effect of Late Pleistocene Karst Topography on Holocene Sedimentation and Biota, Lower Florida Keys

Dodd, J. Robert; Siemers, Charles T.

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1971)82[211:eolpkt]2.0.co;2

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The sharp edge between the flat shelf and the deep water in the blue hole is a likely cause for the luxurious coral growth in this position (Schlager & Purkis, ). Control by blue holes on the benthic biota that inhabit and surround them has previously been discussed in the context of their sediment infill and chemistry of the waters that upwell through the karst network (Dodd & Siemers, ; Bottrell et al ., ; Purkis et al ., ). However, blue holes are rare and isolated phenomena; thus, they may contribute to reticulate patterns but will not be able to generate reticulate patterns by themselves.…”

Section: Results From Remote Sensing Complemented By Published Groundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reticulate reef patterns – antecedent karst versus self‐organization

Schlager

Purkis

2014

Sedimentology

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Reticulate ridges of reefs and sediment in Holocene lagoons are usually interpreted as an inheritance of antecedent karst topography. Satellite imagery served as a template for integrating plan-view geometry with published data from coring, drilling and seismic surveys to test the antecedent-karst hypothesis. The link between karst morphology and overlying reef patterns can be demonstrated convincingly for a rather limited number of examples, particularly those on a substrate of tower karst with high relief. On very young limestones, doline karst with reticulate patterns develops very slowly because of the high porosity. Moreover, karst control can be ruled out for the significant number of reticulate reefs that are founded on terrigenous sediment or on demonstrably flat pre-Holocene rock surfaces. One likely cause of reticulate patterns is biotic self-organization that has been shown to generate reticulate and labyrinthic patterns of mussel beds on tidal flats and tree cover of arid ecosystems. Another pathway to reticulate reefs may be the colonization of reticulate hydrodynamic bedforms by reef builders. Thus, reticulate patterns of Holocene reef-sediment ridges are highly ambiguous indicators of antecedent karst.

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Section: Results From Remote Sensing Complemented By Published Groundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reticulate reef patterns – antecedent karst versus self‐organization

Schlager

Purkis

2014

Sedimentology

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“…Mangroves are excellent sea-level indicators, since they mark the uppermost level of the intertidal flat at about €0.5 m on Mayotte. The deposition of mangroves at the transgressive base is also observed during the flooding of other Holocene lagoons, shelfs and carbonate platforms, like the Bahamas (Newell et al 1959), Belize (Shinn et al 1982), Bermuda (Kuhn 1984), South Florida (Scholl, 1964;Dodd and Siemers 1971) and the Great Barrier Reef shelf (Larcombe and Carter 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Facies and faunal assemblage changes in response to the Holocene transgression in the Lagoon of Mayotte (Comoro Archipelago, SW Indian Ocean)

Zinke

Reijmer

Taviani

et al. 2005

Facies

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This paper documents the facies change in response to the Holocene transgression within five sediment cores taken in the lagoon of Mayotte, which contain a Type-1 depositional sequence (lowstand, transgressive and highstand deposits underlain by an erosive sequence boundary). Quantitative compositional analysis and visual examination of the bioclasts were used to document the facies changes. The distribution of the skeletal and nonskeletal grains in the lagoon of Mayotte is clearly controlled by (1) the rate and amplitude of the Holocene sealevel rise, (2) the pre-Holocene basement topography and (3) the growth-potential of the barrier reef during sea-level rise, and the changes in bathymetry and continuity during this period. The sequence boundary consists of the glacial karst surface. The change-over from the glacial lowstand is marked by the occurrence of mangrove deposits. Terrigenous and/or mixed terrigenous-carbonate muds to sandy muds with a mollusc or mollusc-ostracod assemblage dominate the transgressive deposits. Mixed carbonate-siliciclastic or carbonate sand to gravel with a mollusc-foraminifer or mollusc-coral-foraminifer assemblage characterize the early highstand deposits on the inner lagoonal plains. The early highstand deposits in the outer lagoonal plains consist of carbonate muds with a mollusc-foraminifer assemblage. Late highstand deposits consist of terrigenous muds in the nearshore bays, mixed terrigenous-carbonate sandy muds to sands with a mollusc-foraminifer assemblage on the inner lagoonal plains and mixed muds with a mollusc-foraminifer assemblage on the outer deep lagoonal plains. The present development stage of the individual lagoons comprises semi-enclosed to open lagoons with fair or good water exchange with the open ocean.

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“…In western Florida Bay, the mudbanks are much larger. Sediment patterns around the lower Florida Keys are complex, as shown by several detailed studies published since compilation of Figure 29 (Jindrich, 1969;Howard and others, 1970;Dodd and Siemer, 1971;Basan, 1973). The main features show a restricting influence of the Pleistocene oolitic limestone ridges which form the lower Florida Keys and the submarine shoals westward at least as far as the Marquesas Keys, with local high-energy skeletal sand deposits along tidal channels between the oolite ridges.…”

Section: Shelf Margins X Xmentioning

confidence: 99%

PART I: Holocene Sediment Accumulations of the South Florida Shelf Margin

Enos¹

1977

Geological Society of America Memoirs

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The carbonate shelf-margin depositional model is fundamental to understanding carbonate rocks and to petroleum exploration in carbonate rocks. The sedimentary package is normally thick and permeable, trends and facies patterns are inherently predictable, and a variety of diagenetic environments are encountered. The south Florida shelf margin is one of the few currently active carbonate shelf margins and a large area where the surface sediments are relatively well known. The Holocene-Pleistocene package, the latest chapters in a long history of shallowwater carbonate deposition, is prograding seaward toward the edge of the continental shelf. The Holocene sedimentary sequence was dissected in the third dimension to study accumulation patterns, variations in the patterns, sediment sources, and pore-space characteristics. A compact, high-resolution seismic profiler, a core driver for underwater coring of sandy sediments, and a permeameter for measuring flow rates through sediment cores were essential tools in this study.Natural subdivisions of the south Florida shelf are the restricted inner shelf (Florida Bay), the slightly restricted inner shelf margin, the outer shelf margin where circulation and turbulence are maximum, and the shallow slope seaward of the shelf break. Water turbidity, temperature variations, and salinity variations generally increase landward from the shelf break. Substrate is a primary control on the organism habitat communities; organisms, in turn, produce virtually all the sediment of the substrate. Other important controls are bottom morphology and restriction of circulation. Mappable habitat communities and their sedimentologically important inhabitants on the south Florida shelf are: 1. Rock or dead reef a. open marine -mainly encrusting and boring organisms b. restricted circulation -mainly encrusters and borers 1 on June 8, 2015 memoirs.gsapubs.org Downloaded from on June 8, 2015 memoirs.gsapubs.org Downloaded from HOLOCENE SEDIMENT ACCUMULATIONS 3Holocene sediment is thickest in three discontinuous linear accumulations parallel to the shelf break. The most extensive and thickest accumulations (up to 14 m) are along the outer reefs. Behind the outer reefs, a second belt is formed by sand shoals up to 40 km (25 mi) long or by discontinuous patch-reef banks. The belt of sediment accumulations on the shallow slope is a seaward-thinning wedge up to 12 m (40 ft) thick. Sediment accumulation in the inner shelf margin is thickest in patch-reef banks, tidal deltas (up to 8 m), and broad flattopped wedges near the Keys (up to 7 m). The belts of thick sediment vary along depositional strike, parallel to the shelf break, in thickness, width, and continuity. This is particularly striking with the sand shoals that disappear to the southwest and are replaced to the north-northeast by discontinuous patch-reef banks. Areas of maximum development of all three belts tend to coincide, as do areas of minimum development. Accordingly, strong contrasts exist in the degree to which a given area has been "filled...

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Effect of Late Pleistocene Karst Topography on Holocene Sedimentation and Biota, Lower Florida Keys

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Reticulate reef patterns – antecedent karst versus self‐organization

Reticulate reef patterns – antecedent karst versus self‐organization

Facies and faunal assemblage changes in response to the Holocene transgression in the Lagoon of Mayotte (Comoro Archipelago, SW Indian Ocean)

PART I: Holocene Sediment Accumulations of the South Florida Shelf Margin

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