Effect of late-life weight change on dementia incidence: a 10-year cohort study using claim data in Korea

Abstract

BackgroundThe association between body mass index (BMI) in late-life and dementia risk remains unclear. We investigated the association between BMI changes over a 2-year period and dementia in an elderly Korean population.MethodsWe examined 67 219 participants aged 60–79 years who underwent BMI measurement in 2002/2003 and 2004/2005 as part of the National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort. Baseline characteristics including BMI, socioeconomic status and cardiometabolic risk factors were measured at baseline (2002/2003). The difference between BMI at baseline and at the next health screening (2004/2005) was used to calculate the BMI change. After 2 years, the incidence of dementia was monitored for a mean 5.3 years from 2008 to 2013. Multivariate HRs for dementia incidence were estimated on the basis of baseline BMI and its changes after adjusting for various other risk factors. A subgroup analysis was conducted to determine the effects of baseline BMI and BMI changes.ResultsWe demonstrated a significant association between late-life BMI changes and dementia in both sexes (men: >−10% HR=1.26, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.46, >+10% HR=1.25, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.45; women: >−10% HR=1.15, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.29, >+10% HR=1.17, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.31). However, the baseline BMI was not associated with dementia, except in underweight men. After stratification based on the baseline BMI, the BMI increase over 2 years was associated with dementia in men with a BMI of <25 kg/m2 and women with a BMI of 18.5–25 kg/m2, but not in the obese subgroup in either sex. However, BMI decrease was associated with dementia in those with a BMI of ≥18.5 kg/m2, but not in the underweight subgroup in either sex.ConclusionBoth weight gain and weight loss may be significant risk factors associated with dementia. Continuous weight control and careful monitoring of weight changes are necessary to prevent dementia development.

Smoking Cessation, Weight Change, and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: Analysis of National Cohort Data

“…The negative metabolic effects of excess adiposity include the development of insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and enhanced inflammation, 22 and these changes are regarded as pathomechanisms underlying PD. 23,24 Weight gain also promotes such adverse metabolic conditions, 15,16 which may explain the significant relationship between weight gain and PD risk found in the current study. However, there was only a minimal difference in the risk-lowering effect of smoking on PD between quitters with weight gain and those with weight maintenance.…”

Body Weight Variability Increases Dementia Risk Among Older Adults: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

“…Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as Bwt in kilograms (kg) divided by the square of height in meters (m 2 ). Subjects were categorized into 4 groups according to the World Health Organization recommendation for Asian population: <18.5 kg/m 2 (underweight), 18.5-22.9 kg/m 2 (normal), 23.0-24.9 kg/m 2 (overweight), and BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 (obese) (19). Information on current smoking status, alcohol consumption (at least 1 drink per week), and regular exercise (strenuous physical activity on at least 3 times per week) were obtained from a questionnaire filled-in during the health examination.…”

“…A meta-analysis of 25 studies involving more than 400,000 participants, Bwt fluctuation was associated with a significant increase in risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and CVD (17). Although there have been some studies to examine the association between BMI at a specific time or Bwt changes with dementia (19)(20)(21), there has been no study to explore the effects of Bwt variability in late-life on the incidence of dementia.…”

Faktor Risiko Kejadian Demensia Berdasarkan Studi Literatur

“…Dengan demikian, kontrol TD yang ketat termasuk selama tidur dapat memiliki efek neuroprotektif pada otak, dan dengan demikian mencegah timbulnya demensia (3) . Hipertensi secara signifikan terkait dengan peningkatan insiden demensia di kalangan pria (5) .…”

“…Untuk setiap peningkatan 1,0 dalam BMI pada usia 70 tahun, risiko AD meningkat sebesar 36% (3,7) . Peningkatan berat badan yang cepat di antara orang lanjut usia yang tidak gemuk dapat menempatkan orang yang lebih tua pada risiko yang lebih besar karena adipositas (5) .…”