Effect of laser welding on the titanium composite tensile bond strength

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the shear bond strength between commercially pure titanium, with and without laser welding, after airbone-particle abrasion (Al 2 O 3 ) and 2 indirect composites. Sixty-four specimens were cast and divided into 2 groups with and without laser welding. Each group was divided in 4 subgroups, related to Al 2 O 3 grain size: A -250 µm; B -180 µm; C-110 µm; and D -50 µm. Composite rings were formed around the rods and light polymerized using UniXS unit. Specimens were invested and their shear bond strength at failure was measured with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 2.0 mm/min. Statistical analysis was carried out with ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). The highest bond strength means were recorded in 250 µm group without laser welding. The lowest shear bond strength means were recorded in 50 µm group with laser welding. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were found between all groups. In conclusion, airborne particle abrasion yielded significantly lower bond strength as the Al 2 O 3 particle size decreased. Shear bond strength decreased in the laser welded specimens.

Effect of Air Abrasion and Different Silicoating Techniques on the Bond Strength of Particulate Filler Composite to Titanium

“…The development of new processing methods-such as lost-wax casting, computer-aided machining and electric discharge machining-has allowed the use of pure titanium and its alloys for dental implants, surgical splints, stents and fasteners, partial denture frameworks, fixed partial dentures and root posts [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Although various metal alloy can be used to fabricate fixed partial dentures, titanium presents several advantages as a prosthetic material, such as excellent biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, high corrosion resistance, low density and low cost compared to noble metals [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

“…Although various metal alloy can be used to fabricate fixed partial dentures, titanium presents several advantages as a prosthetic material, such as excellent biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, high corrosion resistance, low density and low cost compared to noble metals [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, problems with porcelain bonding have been reported when titanium is used in metal-ceramic restorations as thick and non-adherent layers of titanium oxide are formed.…”

“…For this reason, particulate filler composite resin materials used on titanium castings as an alternative to porcelain fused to metal restorations for esthetic anterior/posterior restorations [9][10][11][12]. Indirect lightcured composite resins have been extensively used in tooth restoration because they can provide acceptable aesthetics, wear resistance similar to tooth structure, and are easy to manipulate in the laboratory and to repair [3,8,9]. However, one of the problems associated with titanium metal-composite restorations is insufficient ability to bond resin to titanium metal castings.…”

“…However, one of the problems associated with titanium metal-composite restorations is insufficient ability to bond resin to titanium metal castings. The deficient bonding of indirect composites to the metallic alloys could promote the formation of marginal gaps and causing weak bond strength [2,3,6,8,9]. Like other metal alloys, use of titanium alloy for fixed partial denture requires a strong and stable bond between metal and esthetic veneering material (porcelain or composite resin) or metal and resin cement [11,13].…”

“…Macro-(mesh, beads, rough surface with particles) or micro-mechanical treatments (air-abrasion with alumina particles, electrolytic etching, porous metal coating, and acid etching), chemical treatments (4-META composites, phosphate-based composites) and adhesive layer application (tin plating, titanate coupler, silane coupling, carboxylic monomers, a phosphate monomer) were the only mechanisms for bonding composite materials to metallic substrates [2,3,[6][7][8][9]14]. …”