Effect of l-Arginine Infusion on Glucose Disposal during Exercise in Humans

Linden, Kelly; Wadley, Glenn D.; Garnham, Andrew; McConell, Glenn K.

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318212a317

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…Linden et al (2011) reported increased plasma insulin concentration during exercise with L-arginine supplementation, which would decrease endogenous glucose production, increase exogenous glucose disposal and oxidation by skeletal muscle, and lower fat oxidation (Costill et al 1977), consistent with the present data. Upon publication of the Linden et al study (2011), we attempted to measure insulin concentrations in the 3 year stored blood plasma samples from the current study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Consistent with this notion, intestinal vasodilation was only observed in those conditions where sodium and water absorption were increased (Wapnir et al 1997). Furthermore, L-arginine infusion increased leg glucose clearance during exercise (McConell et al 2006), which could be due to an increase in NO production (Bradley et al 1999) or to increased plasma insulin concentration (Linden et al 2011). While these data are all from animal studies, a question on similar effect in humans can be logically raised.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

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l-Arginine but not l-glutamine likely increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during endurance exercise

et al. 2011

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The addition of L-arginine or L-glutamine to glucose-electrolyte solutions can increase intestinal water, glucose, and sodium absorption in rats and humans. We evaluated the utility of L-arginine and L-glutamine in energy-rehydration beverages through assessment of exogenous glucose oxidation and perceptions of exertion and gastrointestinal distress during endurance exercise. Eight cyclists rode 150 min at 50% of peak power on four occasions while ingesting solutions at a rate of 150 mL 15 min(-1) that contained (13)C-enriched glucose (266 mmol L(-1)) and sodium citrate ([Na(+)] 60 mmol L(-1)), and either: 4.25 mmol L(-1) L-arginine or 45 mmol L(-1) L-glutamine, and as controls glucose only or no glucose. Relative to glucose only, L-arginine invoked a likely 12% increase in exogenous glucose oxidation (90% confidence limits: ± 8%); however, the effect of L-glutamine was possibly trivial (4.5 ± 7.3%). L-Arginine also led to very likely small reductions in endogenous fat oxidation rate relative to glucose (12 ± 4%) and L-glutamine (14 ± 4%), and relative to no glucose, likely reductions in exercise oxygen consumption (2.6 ± 1.5%) and plasma lactate concentration (0.20 ± 0.16 mmol L(-1)). Effects on endogenous and total carbohydrate oxidation were inconsequential. Compared with glucose only, L-arginine and L-glutamine caused likely small-moderate effect size increases in perceptions of stomach fullness, abdominal cramp, exertion, and muscle tiredness during exercise. Addition of L-arginine to a glucose and electrolyte solution increases the oxidation of exogenous glucose and decreases the oxygen cost of exercise, although the mechanisms responsible and impact on endurance performance require further investigation. However, L-arginine also increases subjective feelings of gastrointestinal distress, which may attenuate its other benefits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 74%

l-Arginine but not l-glutamine likely increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during endurance exercise

et al. 2011

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“…A recent study by Totzeck et al (38) has shown that plasma nitrite concentration is related to exercise capacity in moderate trained subjects. This finding could also be related to an increase of nitrite throughout NOS activity because there is evidence that endurance exercise stimulates skeletal muscle NOS function in humans during exercise (24). Regarding the above studies with nitrate supplementation, study by Cermak et al (7) did not analyze plasma levels of nitrite, and consequently, it is not possible to know whether all subjects responded equally to nitrate treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium Nitrate Supplementation Does Not Enhance Performance of Endurance Athletes

Bescós

Ferrer-Roca

Galilea

et al. 2012

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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“…Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and/or NO production increases during contraction of muscle cells (Silveira et al 2003;Pattwell et al 2004), ex vivo skeletal muscle contraction (Balon & Nadler, 1994;Merry et al 2010a,b), in situ muscle contraction (Ross et al 2007), treadmill exercise in rodents and cycling exercise in humans (Roberts et al 1999;Linden et al 2011;Fig. 1).…”

Section: Nitric Oxide Production During Contractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of nitric oxide in skeletal muscle glucose uptake during exercise

Hong

Betik

McConell

2014

Experimental Physiology

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New Findings r What is the topic of this review?Is nitric oxide (NO) important in mediating skeletal muscle glucose uptake during contraction/exercise? r What advances does it highlight?Nitric oxide appears essential for skeletal muscle glucose uptake during contraction/exercise. Nitric oxide is produced within skeletal muscle fibres and has various functions in skeletal muscle. There is evidence that NO may be essential for normal increases in skeletal muscle glucose uptake during contraction/exercise. Although there have been some discrepant results, it has been consistently demonstrated that inhibition of NO synthase (NOS) attenuates the increase in skeletal muscle glucose uptake during contraction in mouse and rat muscle ex vivo, during in situ contraction in rats and during exercise in humans. The NO-mediated increase in skeletal muscle glucose uptake during contraction/exercise is probably due to the modulation of intramuscular signalling that ultimately increases glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation and is, surprisingly, independent of blood flow. In this review, we discuss the evidence for and against a role of NO in regulating skeletal muscle glucose uptake during contraction/exercise and outline the possible mechanism(s) involved. Emerging findings regarding the role of neuronal NOS mu (nNOSµ) in this process are also discussed.

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Effect of l-Arginine Infusion on Glucose Disposal during Exercise in Humans

Abstract: The increase in glucose disposal after l-Arg infusion during exercise is likely due to the significantly higher plasma insulin concentration.

Cited by 23 publications

References 41 publications

l-Arginine but not l-glutamine likely increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during endurance exercise

l-Arginine but not l-glutamine likely increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during endurance exercise

Sodium Nitrate Supplementation Does Not Enhance Performance of Endurance Athletes

Role of nitric oxide in skeletal muscle glucose uptake during exercise

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