Effect of Jump Direction on Joint Kinetics of Take-Off Legs in Double-Leg Rebound Jumps

Abstract

Vertical (VDJ) and horizontal (HDJ) double-leg rebound jumps are used as plyometric exercises in direction-specific training regimens for various sports. We investigated the effects of jump direction on joint kinetics of the take-off legs in double-leg rebound jumps. Twelve Japanese male track and field athletes performed VDJ, 100% HDJ, 50% HDJ (50% of 100% HDJ distance), and 75% HDJ (75% of 100% HDJ distance). Kinematic and kinetic data in the sagittal plane were calculated using a force platform and high-speed video camera. Hip negative power during the eccentric phase decreased from VDJ to 50% HDJ (VDJ, −4.40 ± 4.25 W/kg; 50% HDJ, −0.83 ± 2.10; 75% HDJ, −0.33 ± 0.83; 100% HDJ, 0 ± 0), while hip positive power increased from VDJ to 100% HDJ (VDJ, 4.19 ± 2.73 W/kg; 50% HDJ, 9.37 ± 2.89; 75% HDJ, 11.15 ± 3.91; 100% HDJ, 18.51 ± 9.83). Knee negative power increased from VDJ to 75% HDJ (VDJ, −14.48 ± 7.67 W/kg; 50% HDJ, −18.98 ± 7.13; 75% HDJ, −21.57 ± 8.54; 100% HDJ, −23.34 ± 12.13), while knee positive power decreased from VDJ to 75% HDJ (VDJ, 23.18 ± 9.01 W/kg; 50% HDJ, 18.83 ± 5.49; 75% HDJ, 18.10 ± 5.77; 100% HDJ, 16.27 ± 6.22). Ankle joint kinetics remained unchanged. Differences in hip and knee joint kinetics between VDJ and HDJ were associated with direction control, becoming more pronounced as jump distance increased.

Effects of Barefoot and Shod Conditions on the Kinematics and Kinetics of the Lower Extremities in Alternating Jump Rope Skipping—A One-Dimensional Statistical Parameter Mapping Study

“…This finding implies that wearing shoes improves the control and force generation capacity, leading to more efficient utilization of joint power during AJRS, thus promoting better jump rope performance. Therefore, it could be proposed that wearing shoes can enhance the propulsion at the push-off [42,43]. This decrease may indicate that wearing shoes restricts the natural movement of the MTP joint, which could affect the coordination and flexibility of AJRS, potentially leading to decreased agility or restricted performance [13].…”

The effects of vertical trunk supportability improvement on one-leg rebound jump efficiency

“…The one-leg rebound jump was measured using a floor reaction force meter (AMTI, Inc., USA, Massachusetts, Watertown) to determine the jump height and jump efficiency as modified by Kariyama et al [ 23 ]. The floor reaction force meter was measured at a sampling frequency of 1000 Hz.…”

“…The same directed two-legged jump test by Kariyama et al showed an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.97. This study was reduced with one leg [ 23 ].…”

Jump Height and Hip Power Decrease During Cognitive Loading Regardless of Sex: Implications for Sport Performance Metrics

“…Impulse (Ns•BW 21 ) was calculated as the integral of the force-time curve during the concentric phase and normalized to body mass (equation 4) (22). Joint power (Watts•BW 21 •HT 21 ) was calculated as the joint moment, normalized to body mass and height, and multiplied by the joint angular velocity (equation 5) (18). Joint moments in the power equation were calculated with standard inverse dynamic procedures and resolved into the proximal coordinate system.…”