Effect of ISPAD Anaerobic Digestion on Ammonia Volatilization from Soil Applied Swine Manure

Abstract

Swine manure subjected to In-Storage Psychrophilic Anaerobic Digestion (ISPAD) undergoes protein degradation but limited NH 3 volatilization, producing an effluent rich in plant-available N susceptible to more volatilization during land application. This study therefore measured NH 3 volatilization from both ISPAD and open tank (OT) swine manures when applied to 5 different soils (washed sand, Ste Rosalie clay, Upland sandy loam, St Bernard loam and Ormstown silt) within laboratory wind tunnel simulations. After 47 h, the NH 3 volatilized varied with both manure and soil type. For all soils, the ISPAD manure lost less NH 3 compared to OT manure, averaging 46% less. The lower solids content and higher buffering capacity of the ISPAD manure explain the advantage. The Ormstown loam maintained the same NH 3 volatilization rate after 47 h because of higher capillary effect and the St Bernard sandy loam lost the same N mass for both manures, because of a higher pH and buffer pH, with an intermediate CEC resulting in more soil solution NH 3 . Within each manure type, % TAN volatilized was highest for washed sand and lowest for the clay soil. Thus, ISPAD manure can offer up to 21% more plant-available N especially when not soil incorporated following its application.

Emerging perspectives on environmental burden minimisation initiatives from anaerobic digestion technologies for community scale biomass valorisation

“…On one hand, AD process reduces volatile fatty acids (VFAs) (and the associated odour) from the input feedstock slurry [4,33], while on the other it enhances, and concentrates, N-compounds [18,34]. The latter is mainly attributed to the increased ammonia content of digested manure, combined with a slightly increased pH [35], which is further influenced by the alkalinity and buffering capacity and the cation exchange capacity, affecting the level of free NH4 + of the soil [36].…”

“…Over the past decade, several methods have been developed to alleviate this phenomenon, including ammonia stripping [90,91]; in situ ammonia removal through biogas re-circulation [18]; biological denitrification [92]; precipitation with cations, effective in reducing NH4-N by up to 90%, as calcite and struvite [36,93,94]; electrochemical conversion [95]; microwave radiation [96] and ultrasound [97]. Evaluating the environmental benefits against the costs involved, the in situ stripping method has been reported as more sustainable [18], especially in comparison to chemical precipitation route, which introduces new pollutant from addition of reagent [96].…”

Assessment and mitigation of the environmental burdens to air from land applied food-based digestate

“…Australia (Leuning et al, 1985), USA (Parker et al, 2013) and Canada (King et al, 2012). Inter 80 comparison of different monitoring techniques are also reported (NRC, 2002;Parker et al, 2013) 81 (Misselbrook et al, 2005b).…”

“…Theoretical principles of wind tunnel technique have been described in detail in the literature 100 (Loubet et al, 1999;Misselbrook et al, 2005b). The appropriateness and accuracy of portable wind 101 tunnels and flux chambers for quantifying area source emissions have been extensively discussed in the 102 literature (Fowler et al, 2001;King et al, 2012;Loubet et al, 1999;Misselbrook et al, 2005b;Nyord et 103 al., 2012;Parker et al, 2013). 104…”

In-Storage-Psychrophilic-Anaerobic-Digestion (ISPAD) process. Part I: Model Development and Calibration

“…Its microbial population was found to be acclimated to low psychrophilic conditions (Susan M. , and to be capable of generating biogas even under cold winter conditions (Giard, 2011;Nohra, Barrington, Frigon, & Guiot, 2003). Operated at temperatures under 20 °C, ISPAD biogas was found to contain negligible amounts of NH 3 , as compared to mesophilic systems (S. King, Schwalb, Giard, Whalen, & Barrington, 2012).…”