Effect of Irrigation of the Vas on Post-Vasectomy Semen-Counts

Craft, Ian; McQueen, John

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(72)90177-8

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…10,11,14,[19][20][21] It should be noted, however, that nonmotile sperm in the ejaculate in the fi rst few weeks after vasectomy can be an indication of early recanalization of the vas deferens. 22 Furthermore, Thomson et al 23 reported a case in which a seemingly infertile male with only nonmotile sperm impregnated his wife.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Clinical Trial of the Effect of Intraoperative Saline Perfusion on Postvasectomy Azoospermia

Eisner

Schuster

Rodgers

et al. 2004

The Annals of Family Medicine

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BACKGROUND We wanted to determine whether a saline fl ush during vasectomy would reduce the time needed to reach azoospermia.METHODS During vasectomy men were randomly assigned to fl ush the prostatic end of the vas deferens with 10 mL of normal saline (intervention group, n = 50), while the remaining men (n = 56) served as controls. Sperm counts were performed on the immediate postprocedure urine specimen and on semen samples at 1, 6, and 12 weeks after vasectomy. RESULTSThe postprocedure urine specimens from the intervention and control groups contained 29.2 x 106 and 0.004 x 106 sperm, respectively (P <.001). Total sperm counts in the ejaculate for intervention and control groups at 1, 6, and 12 weeks were (in millions of sperm): 14.1 and 13.8, 0.4 and 8.0, and 0.0 and 0.011, respectively (P >.05 at all time points). There was no difference in the rate at which the men in the 2 groups achieved azoospermia.CONCLUSIONS Vasal perfusion with saline during vasectomy was effective in removing sperm from the distal vas; however, perfusion did not increase the rate at which men achieve azoospermia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Randomized Clinical Trial of the Effect of Intraoperative Saline Perfusion on Postvasectomy Azoospermia

Eisner

Schuster

Rodgers

et al. 2004

The Annals of Family Medicine

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“…The use of non-spermicidal irrigants might be more appropriate and safer, as long as the sperm-free rate can be accelerated. Craft et al (1972) reported that¯ushing of the distal vas with 20 mL sterile water during vasectomy in 111 cases reduced the positive sperm counts from 25 to 6% at 15 weeks postoperatively. In a 25-case study, Carl & Schill (1977 6 ) found that 32% of their vasectomy patients required more than 12 weeks to become azoospermic after irrigation with saline, compared with 53.3% of controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The irrigation can be grouped as spermicidal or non‐spermicidal. The spermicidal agents could also cause destruction of other cells lining the reproductive tract, as well as inflammatory reactions of the seminal vesicles and prostate (Craft & McQueen, 1972). The use of non‐spermicidal irrigants might be more appropriate and safer, as long as the sperm‐free rate can be accelerated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it is generally available in all hospitals, even in rural areas, which can make this irrigation technique very practical. Using a radiological technique, Craft et al (1972) determined that 3 mL of solution injected into the distal end of the vas deferens provided good ®lling of the vas and seminal vesicles, with a considerable quantity of solution spilling into the bladder. Thus, we used 20 mL NSS which should be suf®cient for ushing of the spermatozoa in the tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Irrigation of the distal vas deferens during vasectomy: does it accelerate the post‐vasectomy sperm‐free rate?

2001

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A prospective, non-randomized, partially blinded, controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of irrigation with normal saline solution (NSS) during no-scalpel vasectomy (NSV) compared with NSV alone in 62 men. In the NSS irrigation group, an Angiocath 24-gauge needle was inserted into the distal vas lumen, and 20 mL NSS solution was used to irrigate the vas manually on both sides. Post-operative follow-up included urine samples collected immediately and semen samples for sperm count at 2, 6 and 12 weeks post-vasectomy. The difference in the number of spermatozoa appearing in the post-vasectomy urine samples and the mean urine sperm count in both groups were significantly different ( p < 0.0001 and p < 0.01, respectively). The numbers of post-operative ejaculations, the mean sperm concentration, and the number of patients who achieved sterility (defined as no motile spermatozoa in the ejaculate) in both groups at 2, 6 and 12 weeks were similar ( p > 0.05). It is concluded that although irrigation of the distal vas with NSS was successful in removing a large number of spermatozoa from the tract, this procedure did not significantly accelerate the rate of achieving absence of motile spermatozoa in the ejaculate.

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“…The irrigating solution can be either a spermicidal or non-spermicidal agent. While the spermicidal agents can cause liquefaction of sperms and proved to be more effective in ridding the residual sperms, they also cause more harm to the cell linings of the reproductive tract causing a pronounced inflammatory response to both the seminal vesicles and prostate (Craft & McQueen, 1972). This will result in a non-reversible contraception vasectomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sites of residual spermatozoa after irrigation of the distal vas deferens using normal saline solution during vasectomy in a rat model

et al. 2005

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We have previously reported that irrigation of the distal vas deferens using a normal saline solution (NSS) is successful in removing a large amount of spermatozoa from the tract. However, this technique does not completely remove all the motile spermatozoa from the ejaculate. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the location of the residual spermatozoa after distally irrigating the vas deferens. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats (400-450 g) constitute our study population. The animals were divided into two groups: group 1, control group (n = 10), rats that undergo only vasectomy and group 2, experimented group (n = 10), rats that undergo vasectomy and distal irrigation of the vas deferens using 3 mL of NSS. In both groups, the middle and terminal parts of the vas deferens including the seminal vesicles are removed and sent for spermatozoa count. The post-vasectomy urine samples containing spermatozoa are obtained by mid-ventral cystocentesis and the concentration is determined using a haemocytometer. More spermatozoa was found in the urine samples of the experimented group than the control (21.3 +/- 10.61 vs. 0.2 +/- 0.20 million/ml, p-value = 0.068), and lesser residual sperms reside at both the middle and the terminal parts of the vas deferens (0.5 +/- 0.31 vs. 3.0 +/- 0.00; p = 0.008 and 1.1 +/- 0.99 vs. 2.0 +/- 0.00; p = 0.036 respectively). No sperms were present in the seminal vesicles of the control group, but two of 10 rats in the experimented group had few to moderate amount of sperms in their seminal vesicles (p = 0.180). After the distal irrigation of the vas deferens using NSS, some residual sperms resided in the middle and more at the distal part of the vas with a few that escaped into the seminal vesicles.

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Effect of Irrigation of the Vas on Post-Vasectomy Semen-Counts

Cited by 31 publications

References 2 publications

A Randomized Clinical Trial of the Effect of Intraoperative Saline Perfusion on Postvasectomy Azoospermia

A Randomized Clinical Trial of the Effect of Intraoperative Saline Perfusion on Postvasectomy Azoospermia

Irrigation of the distal vas deferens during vasectomy: does it accelerate the post‐vasectomy sperm‐free rate?

Sites of residual spermatozoa after irrigation of the distal vas deferens using normal saline solution during vasectomy in a rat model

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