Effect of irradiation with intravascular laser on the hemodynamic variables of hypertensive patients

Abstract

Background: High blood pressure (HBP) is a multifactorial clinical condition, with a high morbidity and mortality rate and low rates of control. Due to its high prevalence, it is necessary to search for methods which aim to improve the quality of life of hypertensive patients. Studies have shown that low level laser therapy (LLLT) is capable of inducing a photobiological response within the cells which modifies the micro and macrovascular response; this accompanies evidence showing the systemic effects of intravascular laser irradiation of blood (ILIB). In the hypothesis that the use of LLLT can influence blood pressure levels, and perhaps facilitate adherence to treatment, this study aims to present a clinical research protocol with the goal of determining the effect of photobiomodulation in relation to changes in the hemodynamic parameters of hypertensive and normotensive patients. Method: Forty-four participants, frequent attendees of an ambulatory university clinic, will be subdivided into 4 groups, and then submitted to protocol sessions of ILIB. The technique is noninvasive and consists of a laser which is attached to a bracelet which has been specifically developed for the light beam to be transcutaneously carried over the radial artery. Before the procedure, at the end of the photobiomodulation cycles, and 1 month after the end of therapy, blood samples will be collected for the evaluation of C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and nitric oxide, to be analyzed by immunoturbidimetric, ELISA, and Griess reactions, respectively. Analysis of results: Results will be analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and will be compiled into tables and/or graphs, with the help of SPSS version 24.0 with the adopted significance level for all tests being α = 0.05. Discussion: The treatment of HBP involves both pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy. Animal studies with photobiomodulation have previously shown hypotensive effects. Gaps in the literature exist regarding the applicability of this nonpharmacological therapy in humans. This study aims to consider the possibility of offering nonpharmacological therapy to hypertensive patients with the goal of increasing adherence to the treatment as well as minimizing morbidity and mortality caused by hypertension.

Laser acupuncture and intravascular laser irradiation of blood for management of pediatric dental anxiety

“…Khalighi et al [7] reported that low-level laser therapy alters impulses in the dorsal horn and inhibits pain in the cerebral cortex, balances levels of the neurotransmitters epinephrine and norepinephrine, increases serotonin and glucocorticoid excretion, and increases levels of β-endorphin, all hormones directly associated with anxiety. Isabella et al [8], Mikhaylov [9], and Huang et al [10] noted that photoreception of low-level ILIB energy, when applied systemically, is carried by hemoglobin and activates substances such as superoxide dismutase, nitric oxide synthase, catalase, and cytochrome c. These substances interfere with ATP production and alter the plasma membrane by sending information to the neurohumoral regulation system. This response cascade affects the autonomic nervous system, inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins that cause inflammation, and modulates hormones that interfere with anxiety.…”

Immediate Evaluation of the Effect of Infrared LED Photobiomodulation on Childhood Sleep Bruxism: A Randomized Clinical Trial

“…The application of LED to the masticatory muscles affects the local tissues around the light application site and previous studies have shown the effectiveness of LED treatment in muscle tissues [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. The literature also reports that it is possible to observe systemic responses through light therapy, with the action of deep light stimulation directly on the brain [ 29 ]. Another application of the method involves the intravascular laser irradiation for blood therapy, which has already shown good results [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Effects of intravascular laser phototherapy on delayed neurological sequelae after carbon monoxide intoxication as evaluated by brain perfusion imaging: A case report and review of the literature

“…In the second hypothesis, ILIB affects the rheological behavior of blood, diminishes platelet aggregation, and improves the deformability of red blood cells, all of which lead to better oxygen delivery to the hypoxic or infarcted areas caused by CO intoxication. Vasodilatation also ensues as a result of increased nitric oxide released from monocytes[ 24 ]. Third, according to Huang et al [ 8 ], ILIB alleviates both mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress through the regulation of mitochondria numbers and metabolic enzymatic activities.…”